DNA/Protein Synthesis

What is the role of hydrogen bonds in the structure of DNA?

• to code for proteins
• to synthesize proteins 
• to separate the strands 
• to connect the base pairs 

The diagram shows the base sequence of a strand of DNA.
From left to right, what is the sequence of the complementary strand of DNA in this molecule?

• T G A A C
• A C T  T G
• T G U U C
• U C T T G

Proteins are formed in the cytoplasm of cell using genetic instructions from DNA, which is located in the cells nucleus.  Which of the following best explains how the genetic information gets to the site of protein synthesis?

• DNA is divided during mitosis, and one strand travels outside the nucleus to bind with RNA and form a protein
• DNA is copied to make mRNA. The mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes to the ribosomes, where the information is used to guide protein synthesis.
• Genetic information travels from DNA in the nucleus along a strand of mRNA that is connected to ribosomes in the cytoplasm where proteins are made.
• The genetic code is transferred to ribosomes on tRNA molecules, which can pass through the nuclear membrane.

Which of these substances stores and transmits the information that specifies the traits of an organism?

• DNA
• RNA
• enzymes
• carbohydrates

A strand of DNA with the sequence A-C-T-T-G serves as a template to form a strand of mRNA with the sequence U-G-A-A-C.  During which process would this happen?

• replication
• transcription
• translation
• meiosis

A strand of DNA has these bases:
 AGC CAT GTA TAC What is the complementary DNA strand?

• ACG GAT CTA TAG
• TCG GTA CAT ATG
• TGC CTA GAT ATC
• UCG CUA CAU AUG

What makes up the genetic code in DNA?

• the phosphate group
• the nitrogen bases
• the deoxyribose sugar
• the ribose sugar

What are the bases that can be found in DNA?

• adenine, thymine, uracil, cytosine
• thymine, cytosine, phosphate, guanine
• cytosine, guanine, adenine, thymine
• guanine, thymine, uracil, cytosine

How is do RNA and DNA differ?

• DNA contains adenine, RNA contains thymine
• DNA contains a sugar and RNA does not
• DNA is double stranded, RNA is single stranded
• DNA is found in the cytoplasm, RNA is only in the nucleus

If you were to compare the DNA of a human, an elephant, a tree, and an E. coli bacteria, you would find ____________.

• Each organism's DNA is made of identical genes.
• Each organism's DNA is made of the same bases.
• Each organism's DNA is the same length.
• Each organism's DNA is contained in a nucleus. 

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-2