Cells advanced questions

Which is true of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells.
• Eukaryotic cells do not have nucleus, and prokaryotic cells do have nuclei.
• Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles.
• Eukaryotic cells are simpler than prokaryotic cells.

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have many differences, but they also share some common features.  
Which of the following may be found in both type of cell?

• Golgi bodies
• ribosomes
• mitochondria
• nucleus

How does the size of a eukaryotic organism normally compare to the size of a prokaryotic organism?

• eukaryotes are normally much smaller than prokaryotes
• eukaryotes and prokaryotes are both very small organims
• eukaryotes and prokaryotes are both very large organisms
• eukaryotes are much larger than prokaryotes

Examine the cell diagrams shown. Which of the following choices identifies the eukaryotic cell for the correct reason?

• Cell A, because it is a single cell
• Cell A, because a nuclear membrane contains the cell’s DNA
• Cell B, because it is much smaller
• 
  Cell B, because it contains genetic material

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell. They are organelles that act like a digestive system which takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and creates energy rich molecules for the cell. The biochemical processes of the cell are known as cellular respiration. What is the function of the mitochondria?

• Structure that manufactures ribosomes
• Structures that converts nutrients to energy ATP
• Stack of membranes that packages chemicals
• Structure that contains DNA and directs the cell

In cell biology, the nucleus is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotes usually have a single nucleus, but a few cell types, such as mammalian red blood cells, have no nuclei, and a few others have many. Which is the role of nucleus in eukaryotes?

• Structure that organizes motion of chromosomes. 
• Structure that contains DNA and directs the cell 
• Membrane that surrounds and protects the cell 
• Stack of membranes that packages chemicals
  

Some cells, such as human nerve and muscle cells, contain many more mitochondria than do other cells, such as skin cells.  Why do some cells have more mitochondria than others?

• The cells use more energy
• The cells store more nutrients
• The cells degrade more proteins
• The cells divide by mitosis more frequently

An organelle is a membrane bound structure found within a cell. Just like cells have membranes to hold everything in, these mini-organs are also bound in a double layer of phospholipids to insulate their little compartments within the larger cells. Which structure would be identified as the chloroplast?

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An organelle is a membrane bound structure found within a cell. Just like cells have membranes to hold everything in, these mini-organs are also bound in a double layer of phospholipids to insulate their little compartments within the larger cells. Which structure would be identified as the ribosome?

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All cells share certain functions necessary for life. Which is NOT a function performed by every cell?

• takes in energy
• gets rid of waste
• performs photosynthesis
• replicates to make new cells