Unit 8 Lesson 1,2,3

What does the octet rule state that explains why atoms bond?

• An atom bonds to lose eight valence electrons to become unstable.
• An atom bonds to have eight valence electrons to become unstable.
• An atom bonds to lose eight valence electrons to become stable.
• An atom bonds to have eight valence electrons to become stable.

Atoms of which elements form bonds without satisfying the octet rule?

• potassium (K) and sodium (Na)
  
• neon (Ne) and argon (Ar)
  
• xhelium (He) and hydrogen (H)
  
• nitrogen (N) and fluorine (F)
  

Based on the location of nitrogen (N) on the periodic table, how many additional electrons does a nitrogen atom need in its valence shell to satisfy the octet rule when it forms bonds?

• One
• Three
• Five
• Eight

What is the most likely way in which an atom of magnesium (Mg) will satisfy the octet rule when it forms bonds?

• by losing two electrons
• By losing four electrons
• By gaining six electrons
• By gaining 8 electrons

Fluorine (F) and bromine (Br) are in the same group on the periodic table. How do atoms of these elements compare when they form bonds?

• Both a fluorine atom and a bromine atom lose one electron, and both atoms become stable
• A fluorine atom becomes stable by losing one electron, but a bromine atom cannot become stable by losing only one electron.
  
• Both a fluorine atom and a bromine atom gain one electron, and both atoms become stable.
  
• A fluorine atom becomes stable by gaining one electron, but a bromine atom cannot become stable by gaining only one electron.
  

When sodium atoms (Na) and chlorine atoms (Cl) join to make sodium chloride, or table salt, they form an ionic bond. Using this information, which pair of elements is most likely to form an ionic bond?

• potassium (K) and fluorine (F)
  
• aluminum (Al) and aluminum (Al)
  
• sulfur (S) and oxygen (O)
  
• calcium (Ca) and neon (Ne)

An atom of lithium (Li) forms an ionic bond with an atom of chlorine (Cl) to form lithium chloride. How are the valence electrons of these atoms rearranged to form this bond?

• A few valence electrons are shared between the atoms
• Many valence electrons are shared between the atoms.
  
• Electrons are transferred from the chlorine atom to the lithium atom.
  
• Electrons are transferred from the lithium atom to the chlorine atom.
  

Metal atoms tend to give away valence electrons when they bond with nonmetal atoms. What type of bond will form between the metal and nonmetal atoms and why does this bond form?

• A covalent bond will form because electrons are transferred.
• An ionic bond will form because electrons are transferred.
  
• A covalent bond will form because electrons are shared.
  
• An ionic bond will form because electrons are shared.
  

How many dots belong in the electron dot diagram of a boron (B) atom?

• three
• five
• eight
• thirteen

Helium (He) and neon (Ne) are elements in Group 8A of the periodic table. How do the electron dot diagrams of these elements compare?

• The electron dot diagram of helium has eight fewer electrons than the electron dot diagram of neon.
  
• The electron dot diagram of helium has six fewer electrons than the electron dot diagram of neon.
  
• Both the electron dot diagram of helium and the electron dot diagram of neon have two dots.
  
• Both the electron dot diagram of helium and the electron dot diagram of neon have eight dots.