Mutation is the only evolutionary mechanism that ____.

does little to change allele frequencies

is more important in eukaryotes than in prokaryotes

has no effect on genetic variation

Which of the following is a fitness trade-off (compromise)?

Turtle shells provide protection but are heavy and burdensome when moving.

In some hornbill species, the male helps seal the female in a tree with her nest until the young are ready to fledge.

Hummingbirds are the best pollinators of certain flowers, but bees are the best pollinators for orchids.

The strong, thick beak of a woodpecker helps it find insects in trees.

Darwin and Wallace's theory of evolution by natural selection was revolutionary because it ____.

dismissed the idea that species are constant and emphasized the importance of variation and change in populations

was the first theory to refute the ideas of special creation

proved that individuals acclimated to their environment over time

was the first time a biologist had proposed that species changed through time

During a study session about evolution, one of your fellow students remarks, "The giraffe stretched its neck while reaching for higher leaves; its offspring inherited longer necks as a result." Which statement is most likely to be helpful in correcting this student's misconception?

Characteristics acquired during an organism's life are generally not passed on through genes.

Spontaneous mutations can result in the appearance of new traits.

Only favorable adaptations have survival value.

Disuse of an organ may lead to its eventual disappearance.

Starting from the wild mustard Brassica oleracea, breeders have created the strains known as Brussels sprouts, broccoli, kale, and cabbage. Therefore, which of the following statements is correct?

In this wild mustard, there is enough heritable variation to permit these different varieties.

Heritable variation is low in wild mustard—otherwise this wild strain would have different characteristics.

Natural selection is rare in wild populations of wild mustard.

In wild mustard, most of the variation is due to differences in soil or other aspects of the environment.

A farmer uses triazine herbicide to control pigweed in his field. For the first few years, the triazine works well and almost all the pigweed dies; but after several years, the farmer sees more and more pigweed. Which of these explanations best explains what happened?

Triazine-resistant weeds were more likely to survive and reproduce.

The herbicide company lost its triazine formula and started selling poor-quality triazine.

Natural selection caused the pigweed to mutate, creating a new triazine-resistant species.

Triazine-resistant pigweed has less-efficient photosynthesis metabolism.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristics of a stable, non-evolving population?

there is no migration in or out of the population

there is no natural selection in the population

mating in the population is random

Why would a population with a large amount of genetic variation be more likely to survive a severe climate change in its environment?

Some individuals will posses traits better suited to the new climate and be more likely to pass them on

Individuals will only create offspring well-suited to the climate change

The individuals would produce more offspring

Individuals better suited to the new climate will help less-suited individuals survive

Claytonia virginica is a woodland sring herb with flowers that vary from white to pale pink to bright pin. Slugs prefer to eat pink-flowering over white-flowering plants (due to chemical differences between the two), and plants experiencing severe herbivory are more likely to die. The bees that pollinate this plant also prefer pink to white flowers, so that Claytonia with pink flowers have greater relative fruit set than Claytonia with white flowers. A researcher observes that the percentage of different flower colors remains stable in the study population from year to year. Given no other information, if the researcher removes all slugs from the study population, what do you expect to happen to the distribution of flower colors in the population over time?

The percentage of pink flowers should increase over time.

The percentage of white flowers should increase over time.

The distribution of flower colors should not change.

The distribution of flower colors should randomly fluctuate over time.

Which of the following, if discovered, could REFUTE our current understanding of the pattern of evolution?

diverse fossils of mammals in Precambrian rock

no fossils of soft-bodied animals

a modern bird having reptile-like scales on its legs

radioactive dating of rocks showing that rocks closer to Earth's surface are younger than lower rock strata

Over long periods of time, many cave-dwelling organisms have lost their eyes. Tapeworms have lost their digestive systems. Whales have lost their hind limbs. How can natural selection account for these losses?

Under particular circumstances that persisted for long periods, each of these structures presented greater costs than benefits.

Natural selection cannot account for losses, but accounts only for new structures and functions.

Natural selection accounts for these losses by the principal of use and disuse.

The ancestors of these organisms experienced harmful mutations that forced them to lose these structures.

The greatest number of endemic species is expected in environments that are

isolated and show little ecological diversity

easily reached and ecologically diverse

isolated and ecologically diverse

easily reached and show little ecological diversity

Looking at the image in the background, which species is most closely related to species W?

V is most closely related to species W.

X is most closely related to species W.

Y & Z are equally closely related to species W.

It is not possible to say from this tree.

The higher the proportion of loci that are "fixed" in a population, the lower are that population's

nucleotide variability and average heterozygosity

Adult male humans generally have deeper voices than do adult female humans, which is the direct result of higher levels of testosterone causing growth in the larynx. If the fossil records of apes and humans alike show a trend toward decreasing larynx size in adult females and increasing larynx size in adult males, then

sexual dimorphism was evolving over time in these species

intrasexual selection seems to have occurred in both species

stabilizing selection was occurring in these species concerning larynx size

selection was acting more directly upon genotype than upon phenotype

evolution above the species level

the same as microevolution, but includes the origin of new species

defined as the evolution of microscopic organisms into organisms that can be seen with the naked eye

defined as a change in allele or gene frequency over the course of many generations

How are two different species most likely to evolve from one ancestral species?

allopatrically; after the ancestral species has split into two populations

sympatrically; by point mutation affecting morphology or behavior

sympatically; due to extensive inbreeding

allopatrically; due to extensive innbreeding

Reinforcement is the process by which natural selection increases reproductive isolation. Reinforcement is most likely to occur when

hybrids have lower fitness than either parent population

prezygotic isolating mechanisms are in place

According to the concept of punctuated equilibrium,

a new species accumulates mos of its unique features as it comes into existence

natural selection is unimportant as a mechanism of evolution

given enough time, most existing species will gradually give rise to new species

evolution of new species features long periods during which changes are occurring, interspersed with short periods of equilibrium, or stasis

Several scientific laboratories across the globe are involved in research concerning the origin of life on Earth. Which of these questions is currently the most problematic and would have the greatest impact on our understanding if we were able to answer it?

How did RNA sequences come to carry the code for amino acid sequences?

How can amino acids, simple sugars, and nucleotides be synthesized abiotically?

How could polymers involving lipids and/or proteins form membranes in aqueous environments?

How can RNA molecules act as templates for the synthesis of complementary RNA molecules?

Which of the following statements best describes the rationale for applying the principle of parsimony in constructing phylogenetic trees?

Similarity due to common ancestry should be more common than similarity due to convergent evolution.

Parsimony allows the researcher to "root" the tree.

The molecular clock validates the principle of parsimony.

The outgroup roots the tree, allowing the principle of parsimony to be applied.

AP Bio, Evolution

Quiz

•

Biology

•

10th Grade - University

•

Practice Problem

•

Hard

•

NGSS

HS-LS4-4, HS-LS4-2, HS-LS4-1

Standards-aligned

Used 796+ times

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35 questions

Show all answers

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

45 sec • 1 pt

Which statement represents the best explanation for the observation that the nuclear DNA of wolves and domestic dogs has a very high degree of sequence homology?
Dogs and wolves...

have very similar morphologies.

belong to the same order.

are both members of the order Carnivora.

share a very recent common ancestor.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

45 sec • 1 pt

It has been observed that organisms on islands are different from, but closely related to, similar forms found on the nearest continent. This is taken as evidence that ...

island forms are descended from mainland forms.

common environments are inhabited by the same organisms.

island forms and mainland forms have identical gene pools.

the island forms and mainland forms are converging.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

Arrange the following in order from most general to most specific:
1) natural selection
2) microevolution
3) intrasexual selection
4) evolution
5) sexual selection

4, 1, 2, 3, 5

4, 2, 1, 3, 5

4, 2, 1, 5, 3

1, 4, 2, 5, 3

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

45 sec • 1 pt

Dog breeders maintain the purity of breeds by keeping dogs of different breeds apart when they are fertile. This kind of isolation is most similar to which of the following reproductive isolating mechanisms?

temporal isolation

behavioral isolation

habitat isolation

gametic isolation

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following is the best modern definition of evolution?

descent with modification

change in the number of genes in a population over time

survival of the fittest

inheritance of acquired characteristics

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

45 sec • 1 pt

Which statement about variation is true? *remember that phenotypes are influenced by enviroments

All phenotypic variation is the result of genotypic variation.

All genetic variation produces phenotypic variation.

All nucleotide variability results in neutral variation.

All new alleles are the result of nucleotide variability.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Genetic variation ____.

is created by the direct action of natural selection

arises in response to changes in the environment

must be present in a population before natural selection can act upon the population

tends to be reduced by when diploid organisms produce gametes

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

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AP Bio, Evolution

35 questions

Which statement represents the best explanation for the observation that the nuclear DNA of wolves and domestic dogs has a very high degree of sequence homology?Dogs and wolves...

It has been observed that organisms on islands are different from, but closely related to, similar forms found on the nearest continent. This is taken as evidence that ...

Arrange the following in order from most general to most specific:1) natural selection2) microevolution3) intrasexual selection4) evolution5) sexual selection

Dog breeders maintain the purity of breeds by keeping dogs of different breeds apart when they are fertile. This kind of isolation is most similar to which of the following reproductive isolating mechanisms?

Which of the following is the best modern definition of evolution?

Which statement about variation is true? *remember that phenotypes are influenced by enviroments

Genetic variation ____.

Mutation is the only evolutionary mechanism that ____.

Which of the following is a fitness trade-off (compromise)?

Catastrophism was Cuvier's attempt to explain the existence of ____.

Access all questions and much more by creating a free account

Popular Resources on Wayground

Discover more resources for Biology

Which statement represents the best explanation for the observation that the nuclear DNA of wolves and domestic dogs has a very high degree of sequence homology?
Dogs and wolves...

Arrange the following in order from most general to most specific:
1) natural selection
2) microevolution
3) intrasexual selection
4) evolution
5) sexual selection