SC.912.L.16.10 - Biotechnology

Scientists have produced plants that are resistant to herbicides. Which application of biotechnology is most likely being used?

• genetic cloning
• recombinant DNA
• DNA fingerprinting
• genetic engineering

Which is a transgenic organism?

• a mutation in an animal cell
• an animal cell with no mutation
• bacteria with antibiotic resistance
• a plant with bacterial DNA

How can gel electrophoresis be used for identification of individuals when over 99 percent of human DNA is the same?

• Each person’s DNA will band in different colors in the gel tray
• The 99 percent of the DNA that is the same will reflect UV light differently
• It focuses only on the small regions of the DNA which are known to vary among individuals.
• Experts can determine the different genes by reading the genetic alphabet displayed in the gel.

Which technique would most likely be used by forensic scientists?

• gene cloning
• gene therapy
• DNA fingerprinting
• karyotyping

Two people believe they are related. Which would be the best technique to determine if they are related?

• testing blood types
• comparing DNA
• examining karyotypes
• testing for genetic disorders

Genetically engineered bacteria are currently being used to produce certain human proteins. Which best explains the advantage associated with this process?

• The genetically engineered proteins can be used to produce human clones.
• The genetically engineered proteins have been found to cure most cancers.
• The genetically engineered proteins are less harmful than normal human proteins.
• The genetically engineered proteins can be produced in large quantities with less cost.

How will advances in genetics most likely affect biotechnology?

• Biotechnology will provide cures for all diseases in the future.
• Biotechnology will gradually phase out of the field of medicine.
• Biotechnology will create new genes that will make certain diseases disappear from the human genome.
• Biotechnology will enable better prediction and treatment of various diseases.

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How might the applications of biotechnology have the potential to negatively impact individuals?

• using genetically-engineered enzymes in laundry detergents
• producing genetically-engineered bacteria for creating human drugs
• producing genetically-engineered foods without having research on their safety
• using genetically-engineered enzymes for biofuels in an attempt to replace fossil fuels

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Which would be the benefit of a transgenic crop?

• decreased drought tolerance
• decreased disease resistance
• increased resistance to pests
• increased demands for nutrients

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What is selective breeding?

• A process in which mates pick which partner to have offspring with
• It is a process humans use to breed or reinforce desired traits into a particular organism.
• A process to get rid of beneficial traits
• A process to add harmful traits