Period 4 Review

An important reason for China's rapid population increase in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries was

• the introduction of new crops from the Americas
• the end of the bubonic plague in Asia
• the widespread adoption of the European three-field system
• unprecedented immigration from the Mughal and Ottoman empires

Why are the 1600s and early 1700s in Europe considered a period of Scientific Revolution?

• Isaac Newton and other scientists developed a unified system of physics and mathematics.
• The scientific method was revived and used widely.
• The telescope and other scientific instruments were invented.
• all of these answers are correct

Which eigteenth-century war in Europe spun off so many conflicts elsewhere and had so many global effects that it is sometimes considered a "world war"?

• the Thirty Years' War
• the War of the Spanish Succession
• the Seven Years' War
• the War of the Polish Succession

The medieval state, which originated in the Classical Era, and whose fall in 1453 marked the end of the postclassical ear was -

• Song China
• the Abbasid Caliphate
• Kievan Rus
• the Byzantine Empire

In order to facilitate colonization, settlement, and exploration, the British, French, and Dutch -

• chartered companies and created commercial monopolies in given regions.
• paid mercenaries to conquer desired lands.
• negotiated with peoples and states to peacefully acquire holding and trade concessions abroad.
• encouraged private initiative because national governments were uninterested in overseas expeditions.

All of these were examples of the Columbian Exchange EXCEPT -

• the spread of smallpox and measles in the Americas.
• domesticated animals such as the horse spread to the Americas.
• Muslim and Chinese merchants came to monopolize Atlantic trade.
• Africans and Europeans migrated or were forcibly settled in the Americas.

The Dutch, French, and English colonies on the North American continent

• remained largely unsettled and unclaimed.
• attracted little attention because they were so vast.
• were not initially as financially important as colonies in the West and East Indies.
• eventually were conquered by the Spanish.

In Africa during the Early Modern Period, Europeans

• controlled the slave trade.
• had to negotiate with African leaders, who controlled the slave trade.
• settled widely in West Africa.
• exported gold and raw minerals.

The most important basic commodity traded in the Early Modern Period was

• gold
• tobacco
• cotton
• sugar

Which of the following statements is NOT directly related to the major socioeconomic transformation in Europe between the mid-1400s and the late 1700s?

• Protestant forms of worship emerged.
• Europe's population grew.
• Europeans invented gunpowder.
• Agricultural techniques improved.