Genetics

Heredity is defined as the passage of genetic instructions from one generation to the next. Which of the following is NOT an example of these genetic instructions in humans?

• Spoken language
• Height
• Skin color
• Dimples

An organism inherits its genetic instructions from the

• Organism's offspring
• Organism's mating partner
• Organism's parents
• Organism's prey

The passage of genetic instructions from one generation to the next is known as

• Commensalism
• Phenotype
• Traits
• Heredity

Four puppies in the same litter have different hair color than the mother dog. Which of the following processes is responsible for the variety of hair color in this litter?

• Sexual reproduction
• Asexual reproduction
• Binary Fission
• Regeneration

A student hypothesizes that green pod color in pea plants is dominant and yellow pod color is recessive. Which observation would disprove this hypothesis?

• Two plants with green pods produce an offspring with green pods.
• Two plants with yellow pods produce an offspring with green pods.
• Two plants with green pods produce an offspring with yellow pods.
• Two plants with yellow pods produce an offspring with yellow pods.

African violets are plants that can be grown from leaf cuttings. The cuttings from both roots and shoots. How does the genetic material of the offspring of new plants grown from cuttings compare to the genetic material of the parent plant?

• more material than the parent plant
• less material than the parent plant
• equal in amount, but with distinct differences
• equal in amount and identical
  

Compared with the genetic material of the original cell in the diagram above, each of the two new cells contains

• half the genetic material of the parent cell
• twice as much genetic material as the parent cell
• genetic material that is identical to the parent cell
• new genetic material that is different from that of the parent cell

The hydra is a very small, simple animal that lives in water. Hydras reproduce asexually by budding, a process in which a bud breaks off an adult hydra and floats away.Which of the following best describes a hydra bud?

• A hydra bud is genetically identical to the parent hydra.
• A hydra bud contains genetic material from its two parents.
• A hydra bud has half as much genetic material as the parent hydra.
• A hydra bud has different mutations than the parent hydra.

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder in which a particular gene does not make protein the way that it otherwise normally would.  Given that cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder, how would an individual most likely contract this disease?

• A person’s parents would have to carry genetic material for cystic fibrosis within their mitochondria which could then be passed down.
• Genetic disorders can be inherited in so many ways that it is impossible to tell how a person acquired the disease.
• A person’s parents would have to carry genetic material for cystic fibrosis within their chromosomes which could then be passed down.
• A person would have to have been exposed to environmental influences such as living next to a nuclear power plant.

The physical traits that are present in an organism.

• Physical Features
• Genotype
• Phenotype
• Personality

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-4