Logical Reasoning Test

Jason enters six races: biking, canoeing, horseback riding, ice skating, running, and swimming. He places between first and fifth in each. Two places are consecutive only if the place numbers are consecutive.Jason's places in canoeing and running are consecutive.His places in ice skating and swimming are consecutive.He places higher in biking than in horseback riding.He places higher in canoeing than in running.

If Jason places higher in running than in biking and places higher in biking than in ice skating and swimming, which one of the following allows all six of his race rankings to be determined?

• He places fourth in horseback riding.
• He places fourth in ice skating.
• He places the same in both horseback riding and ice skating.
• He places higher in horseback riding than in swimming.

Quantum, a specialty restaurant, is open for business every Monday through Saturday but is closed Sundays. Lunch is the only meal served on Mondays, Tuesdays and Thursdays. Dinner is the only meal served on Wednesdays, Fridays and Saturdays. The restaurant's floors are polished and its plants are watered only on days that Quantum is open for business, according the following schedule:Plants are watered two days each week, but never on consecutive days and never on the same day that floors are polished.Floors are polished on Monday and two other days each week, but never on consecutive days and never on the same day that plants are watered.
According to the schedule, which of the following could be true?

• Plants are watered on Wednesday.
• Lunch is served on Friday.
• Floors are polished on Tuesday.
• Dinner is served on Thursday.

Quantum, a specialty restaurant, is open for business every Monday through Saturday but is closed Sundays. Lunch is the only meal served on Mondays, Tuesdays and Thursdays. Dinner is the only meal served on Wednesdays, Fridays and Saturdays. The restaurant's floors are polished and its plants are watered only on days that Quantum is open for business, according the following schedule:Plants are watered two days each week, but never on consecutive days and never on the same day that floors are polished.Floors are polished on Monday and two other days each week, but never on consecutive days and never on the same day that plants are watered.
According to the schedule, the restaurant's floors are polished on either

• Tuesday or Wednesday
• Tuesday or Thursday
• Wednesday or Thursday
• Thursday or Friday

Struthers College has built its reputation for academic excellence largely on significant contributions from wealthy alumni who are avid fans of the school’s football team. Although the team has won more national championships over the years than any other team in its division, this year it did not even win the division title, and so Struthers College can expect to see a decline in alumni contributions next year.

The above argument relies on which of the following assumptions about Struthers College?

• The college’s reputation for academic excellence depends on the performance of its football team.
• Contributions from alumni are needed for the college to produce a winning football team.
• Struthers alumni contributions depend to an extent on a winning record by the college's football team.
• The college’s football team will continue its losing streak next year.

Tags

CCSS.RI.1.9

CCSS.RI.2.9

CCSS.RI.4.8

CCSS.RL.1.5

CCSS.RL.4.5

An avid television viewer is statistically more likely to take sleeping pills at bedtime than a person who enjoys listening to classical music but does not watch television as a habit. Clearly, listening to classical music just before bedtime contributes to a more restful night’s sleep, whereas watching television before bedtime has the opposite effect.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the above argument?

• People who enjoy classical music typically like to read just before bedtime.
• Reading a book before bedtime contributes to restful sleep more than listening to music does.
• Sleeplessness is more common among people who watch late-night television than among people who do not.
• Engaging in a bedtime activity that is mentally stimulating often interferes with a person’s ability to fall asleep.

Tags

CCSS.RI.1.9

CCSS.RI.2.9

CCSS.RI.4.8

CCSS.RL.1.5

CCSS.RL.4.5

The levels of dissolved oxygen in the world’s ocean waters are declining precipitously. Just like humans, fish need oxygen to survive, and so in ocean areas experiencing significant levels of oxygen scarcity, or hypoxia, fish populations are plummeting. Although some hypoxic areas, called “dead zones,” occur naturally, hypoxia in coastal areas and inland waters is caused mainly by agricultural run-off and by discharge of industrial waste waters. More than one-hundred permanent dead zones, many covering thousands of square miles, exist worldwide today.
Since reproductive success is the most critical factor in the sustainability of any species, the extent of this threat to marine life and genetic diversity can hardly be overstated. After several months in hypoxic waters, female fish produce fewer eggs. Moreover, hypoxic conditions serve to alter the normal ratio between two particular hormones manufactured during the embryonic stage when a fish’s gender is determined. During gestation and under these conditions, the mother produces more testosterone (and less estradiol), which inhibits the development of female reproductive organs and other female characteristics in the embryo, while promoting the development of male traits.
Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

• Why are Fish Gender Ratios Changing so Rapidly?
• Dead Zones: Their Causes and Consequences
• The Dangers of Industrial Waste-water Runoff
• A Prescription for Reversing Hypoxia Levels

Tags

CCSS.RI.1.2

CCSS.RI.2.2

CCSS.RI.K.2

CCSS.RL.1.2

CCSS.RL.2.2

Estelle states: When I went fishing the other day, every fish that I caught was a salmon, and every salmon I saw I caught.

^{Of the following statements listed below, which one can be concluded from the observations of Estelle?}

• Salmon was the only fish that Estelle saw while she was fishing. 
• While Estelle was fishing, she caught no fish other than salmon. 
• In the area that Estelle fished, there were no other fish. 
• All of the fish that Estelle saw she caught. 

Tags

CCSS.RI.4.1

CCSS.RI.5.1

CCSS.RI.6.1

CCSS.RL.4.1

CCSS.RL.5.1

The past three consecutive women's U.S. tennis champions have all changed to Wilson's new line of tennis rackets, exclusively made of oak wood for greater strength and durability. If this is the case, don't you think it's time to improve your tennis swing and trade your old racket in for a Wilson?
Which of the following claims is not made and cannot be used in conclusion to the above advertisement?

•  Rackets that are strengthened by oak wood are used exclusively in Wilson's new rackets. 
•  Oak-wood-strengthened rackets help to make tennis rackets durable and stronger, allowing the player to make powerful swings. 
• With Wilson's rackets, you will improve your tennis playing. 
• The status achieved by the past three consecutive women's U.S. tennis championships was due to the assistance of Wilson's rackets.

Tags

CCSS.RI.1.9

CCSS.RI.2.9

CCSS.RI.4.8

CCSS.RL.1.5

CCSS.RL.4.5

My family doctor said that he would be performing a blood test on me when I visit him today. I know I will feel pain today.

^{The above argument depends on which one of these assumptions?}

• The use of a needle always causes pain in the patient. 
• The doctor will have a hard time finding the patient's vein. 
• In the past, this patient has experienced pain at the family doctor. 
• The needle will leave a bruise.

Tags

CCSS.RI.1.9

CCSS.RI.2.9

CCSS.RI.4.8

CCSS.RL.1.5

CCSS.RL.4.5

An English school teacher requested her students to try and write children's stories that are relevant to their everyday lives. The idea would be to give their stories a quality of "real life". One of the students decided to base her story upon one of the fictional characters from her favorite novel.

Of the following criteria listed below, which would make the most logical sense as criticism against the student's choice for her children's story?

• The writing techniques that are successful for one writer are frequently unsuccessful for another. 
•  A story based entirely on the writer's knowledge of characters from another novel is not likely to include the writer's personal feelings of real life. 
• Children's story writing requires examination of the self in order to develop innovative and original ideas. 
• The author of her favorite novel would not allow the student permission to use their character. 

Tags

CCSS.RI.1.9

CCSS.RI.2.9

CCSS.RI.4.8

CCSS.RL.1.5

CCSS.RL.4.5