EOC PRACTICE TEST

2. Which turning point event in the Spanish-American War occurred in 1898?

• America gave financial support to Cuban nationalists' revolution against Spain.
• Americans blamed Spain for the sinking of the USS Maine.
• The Philippines declared independence from U.S. rule after Spain had transferred their rule of the Philippines to the U.S.
• The U.S. withdrew from Cuba.

5. The Great Seal of the United States that was first used in 1782 included the motto E Pluribus Unum. The same motto appeared on federal coins in 1795. What is the meaning of this motto?

• In God We Trust
• In Union We Trust
• Out of Many, One
• The Many are United

7. In Bush v. Gore, the Supreme Court ruled 5-4 that a recount in that year's presidential election must take place by midnight of December 12th, 2000. The ruling came hours before the deadline, making it too late for a recount to actually occur. What is the BEST way to describe the historical aspect of this Supreme Court case?

• This case caused states to make drastic changes in the ways that they supervised recounts in federal elections.
• This case made history as the first time that a U.S. President had his name and cause appear in a Supreme Court case.
• This case showed for the first time that presidential candidates needed to hire lawyers even before their campaigns started. 
• This case marked the first time that the judicial branch of government involved itself in a federal election, and critics said that the Supreme Court rather than the electorate had determined the winner of a presidential election.

8. The Ethics in Government Act of 1978 required elected public officials to make public some of their financial information. What could be considered a source of public demand for increased ethics in government at that time period?

• The Watergate Scandal of the early 1970s had eroded some public trust in government officials.
• The Teapot Dome Scandal of the late 1960s had eroded some public trust in government officials.
• Newspapers had been making up stories in the early 1970s about public officials misusing government money.
• Gerald Ford was not considered an ethical president.

9. When the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) declared an oil embargo against the United States from 1973 to 1974, what was an effect on the U.S. free enterprise system?

• Car owners stocked up on gasoline.
• Auto manufacturers in the U.S. started selling cars to European customers instead of to U.S. customers.
• The effect on the U.S. free enterprise system was minor; the U.S. had stockpiles of oil reserves and was actively drilling for oil in Texas and Alaska. 
•  The U.S. experienced inflation, economic recession, and restrictions on gasoline purchases; auto manufacturers started making smaller and more fuel-efficient cars.

10. President Franklin D. Roosevelt said his New Deal programs would use the authority of the federal government to help all classes and groups of people in the country. Who was one opponent of the New Deal programs, and why?

• The American public: they felt the programs were not helping enough, and a majority planned to not re-elect President Roosevelt.
• Herbert Hoover: he felt the federal government should not assume so much responsibility or deficit spending.
• 1933 Congress: they did not pass the New Deal programs proposed by the President.
• 1935 Congress: they did not pass the "Second Hundred Days" New Deal programs proposed by the President.

1. What grassroots political movement, started by southern and western farmers, arose in the 1890s U.S. to fight banks, railroads, large corporations and other "elites"?

• Entreprenuership Movement
• Farmer's United
• Populist Movement
• Social Gospel Movement

3. What was one main purpose of a Victory Garden in the U.S. during World War II?

• To ensure that the domestic food supply was not being poisoned by foreign spies or infiltrators
• To decrease demand on commercial vegetable growers, making more food available to soldiers
• To provide more nutritious food for poor immigrant populations
• To sell grown foods at markets and raise money for war bonds

4. What was the primary purpose of the Chinese Exclusion Act passed by the U.S. Congress in 1882?

• o ban Chinese from immigrating to the U.S.
•  To exclude Chinese Americans from joining unions in the U.S.
• To ban Chinese Americans from working on railroads in the U.S.
• To exclude Chinese from claiming settlement lands in the western U.S.

6. In 1997, President Clinton presented the Congressional Medal of Honor to Vernon J. Baker, a 78-year-old African American, for his courage and leadership in attacks on the enemy in Italy during a previous war. Racial prejudice during the time of this war had prevented Baker from receiving the award previously. In which war did Vernon Baker bravely fight?

• World War I
• World War II
• Korean War
• Vietnam War