Honors Biology Final Review

Based on physical features, this cell is most likely a(n) ____________ cell.

• eukaryotic plant
• eukaryotic animal
• prokaryotic fungus
• prokaryotic bacterial

Translation of the DNA sequence AAGCTGGGA would result in

• an mRNA strand with the sequence TTCGACCCT
• an mRNA strand with the sequence UUGCACCCU
• a DNA strand with the base sequence TTCGACCCT
• a sequence of three amino acids linked by peptide bonds

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

In pigs, the allele for a wavy, rough coat (R) is dominant to the allele for a soft, fine coat (r). A rough coat boar and a soft coat sow mate. They produce several litters, 50% are rough coat and 50% are smooth coat. What were the genotypes of the parents?

• RR × rr
  
• Rr × rr
  
• RR × Rr
• Rr × Rr

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-3

Impala share the African plains with other grazing animals and predators. Which change would lead to a DECREASE in the impala population?

• a reduction in the lion population
• an increase in the number of other grazing animals
  
• an increase in restrictions on the hunting of impala
  
• a reduction in the populations of other impala predators

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-6

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

The snowshoe rabbit has white fur in winter and dark fur in summer. What is the main survival advantage of this fur color change to the rabbit?

• The light fur keeps the rabbit from getting sunburned in summer.
• The fur color is an adaptive form of camouflage to avoid predators.
• The dark fur absorbs more sunlight so the rabbit is warmer in winter.
  
• The white fur is more valuable to fur trappers, so the animal will be trapped and better fed in winter.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

The diagram shows the leg bones of a (Left -> Right): Orangutan, dog, pig, cow, tapir, and horse. Most of the animals have the same bones, although some are shaped differently and placed in different positions.
What does this suggest about mammals?

• That they shared a common ancestor.
  
• That mammals are evolving to become more and more like one another.
  
• That they developed their bone structure independently of one another.
  
• That the shape of the bones has less to do with the environment pressures on the animal, and more to do with what their relatives are.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

Green and brown algae share many common features. Both have pigments for trapping sunlight and use photosynthesis for energy. Both store their food as sugars. Both have cell walls and plant-like bodies. However, their DNA suggests that they are not even remotely related to one another. Green algae and brown algae show __________________ evolution, since they look similar, but are not close relatives

• convergent
• divergent
• homologous
• vestigial

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

Darwin discovered twenty different species of finches in the Galapagos islands. He hypothesized that as new islands arose, finches colonized the islands and rapidly changed into new species, depending on what food was available on each new island. The rapid formation of many new species, as in this case, is called

• gradualism
• speciation
• adaptive radiation
• geographic isolation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

The graph illustrates the activity level of three common digestive enzymes, across a range of pH values. Which enzyme is likely to be active in the acidic environment of the stomach?

• pepsin
• trypsin
• amylase
• none of the above

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

In the structure of DNA, which nucleotide always pairs with adenine?

• cytosine
• guanine
• thymine
• uracil