AP CS II Principles 1st Sem

Biologists often attach tracking collars to wild animals. For each animal, the following gelocation data is collected at frequent intervals. The timeThe dateThe location of the animal Which of the following questions about a particular animal could NOT be answered using only the data collected from the tracking collars?

• Approximately how many miles did the animal travel in one week?
• Does the animal travel in groups with other tracked animals?
• Do the movement patterns of the animal vary according to the weather?
• In what geographic locations does the animal typically travel?

Which of the following is a true statement about data compression?

• Data compression is only useful for files being transmitted over the Internet.
• Regardless of the compression technique used, once a data file is compressed, it cannot be restored to its original state.
• Sending a compressed version of a file ensures that the contents of the file cannot be intercepted by an unauthorized user.
• There are trade-offs involved in choosing a compression technique for storing and transmitting data.

According to the domain name (DNS), which of the following is a subdomain of the domain example.com?

• about.example.com
• example.co.uk
• example.com.org
• example.org

Under which of the following conditions is it most beneficial to use a heuristic approach to solve a problem?

• When the problem can be solved in a reasonable time and an approximate solution is acceptable
• When the problem can be solved in a reasonable time and an exact solution is needed
• When the problem cannot be solved in a reasonable time and an approximate solution is acceptable
• When the problem cannot be solved in a reasonable time and exact solution is needed.

Which of the following are true statements about digital certificates in Web browsers? Digital certificates are used to verify the ownership of encrypted keys used in secured communication.II. Digital certificates are used to verify that the connection to a Web site is fault tolerant.

• I only
• II only
• I and II
• Neither I and II

A video-streaming Web site uses 32-bit integers to count the number of times each video has been played. In anticipation of some videos being played more times than can be represented with 32 bits, the Web site is planning to change the 64-bit integers for the counter. Which of the following best describes the result of using 64-bit integers instead of 32-bit integers?

• 2 times as many values can be represented.
• 32 times as many values can be represented.
• 2³² times as many values can be represented.
• 32²  times as many values can be represented.

A programmer completes the user manual for a video game she has developed and realizes she has reversed the roles of goats and sheep throughout the text. Consider the programmer’s goal of changing all occurrences of “goats” to “sheep” and all occurrences of “sheep” to “goats.” The programmer will use the fact that the word “foxes” does not appear anywhere in the original text.Which of the following algorithms can be used to accomplish the programmer’s goal?

• First, change all occurrences of “goats” to “sheep.”Then, change all occurrences of “sheep” to “goats.”
• First, change all occurrences of “goats” to “sheep.”Then, change all occurrences of “sheep” to “goats.”Last, change all occurrences of “foxes” to “sheep.”
• First, change all occurrences of “goats” to “foxes”Then, change all occurrences of “sheep” to “goats.”Last, change all occurrences of “foxes” to “sheep.”
• First, change all occurrences of “goats” to “foxes.”Then, change all occurrences of “foxes” to “sheep.”Last, change all occurrences of “sheep” to “goats.”

Which of the following statements describes a limitation of using a computer simulation to model a real-world object or system?

• Computer simulations can only be built after the real-world object or system has been created.
• Computer simulations only run on very powerful computers that are not available to the general public
• Computer simulations usually make some simplifying assumptions about the real-world object or system being modeled.
• It is difficult to change input parameters or conditions when using computer simulations.

A certain social media Web site allows users to post messages and to comment on other messages that have been posted. When a user posts a message, the message itself is considered data. In addition to the data, the site stores the following metadata. The time the message was postedThe name of the user who posted the messageThe names of any users who comment on the message and the times the comments were made For which of the following goals would it be more useful to analyze the data instead of the metadata?

• To determine the users who post messages most frequently
• To determine the time of day that the site is most active
• To determine the topics that many users are posting about
• To determine which posts from a particular user have received the greatest number of comments

Which of the following is a true statement about program documentation?

• Program documentation should not be changed after it is first written.
• Program documentation is only needed for programs in development; it is not needed after a program is completed.
• Program documentation is useful when programmers collaborate but not when a programmer works individually on a project.
• Program documentation is useful during initial program development and also when modifications are made to existing programs.