ES-Jun 2016 Q31-40

Which diagram best represents heat transfer mainly by the process of conduction?

• diagram 1
• diagram 2
• diagram 3
• diagram 4

The diagram below represents the position of Earth in its orbit and the position of a comet in its orbit around the Sun.
Which inference can be made about the comet’s orbit, when it is compared to Earth’s orbit?

• Earth’s orbit and the comet’s orbit have the same distance between foci.
•  Earth’s orbit has a greater distance between foci than the comet’s orbit.
• The comet’s orbit has one focus, while Earth’s orbit has two foc
• The comet’s orbit has a greater distance between foci than Earth’s orbit.

Which sequence of geologic events is in the correct order, from oldest to most recent?

• oceanic oxygen begins to enter the atmosphere → earliest stromatolites → initial opening of the Iapetus Ocean → dome-like uplift of the Adirondack region begins
•  dome-like uplift of the Adirondack region begins → initial opening of the Iapetus Ocean → oceanic oxygen begins to enter the atmosphere → earliest stromatolites
• initial opening of the Iapetus Ocean → earliest stromatolites → oceanic oxygen begins to enter the atmosphere → dome-like uplift of the Adirondack region begins
•  earliest stromatolites → oceanic oxygen begins to enter the atmosphere → initial opening of the Iapetus Ocean → dome-like uplift of the Adirondack region begins

The cross section of the atmosphere below represents the air motion near two frontal boundaries along reference line XY on Earth’s surface.
Which weather map correctly identifies these fronts and indicates the direction that these fronts are moving?

•  weather map 1 
• weather map 2
• weather map 3
• weather map 4

Which block diagram represents the plate motion that causes the earthquakes that occur along the San Andreas Fault in California?

• block diagram 1
• block diagram 2
• block diagram 3
• block diagram 4

Base your answers to questions 6 through 9 on the map and the passage below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The map shows four different locations in India, labeled A, B, C, and D, where vertical sticks were placed in the ground on the same clear day. The locations of two cities in India are also shown. 
                        Monsoons in India 
A monsoon season is caused by a seasonal shift in the wind direction, which produces excessive rainfall in many parts of the world, most notably India. Cherrapunji, in northeast India, received a record 30.5 feet of rain during July 1861. During the monsoon season from early June into September, Mumbai, India averages 6.8 feet of rain. Mumbai’s total average rainfall for the other eight months of the year is only 3.9 inches. 
Monsoons are caused by unequal heating rates of land and water. As the land heats throughout the summer, a large low-pressure system forms over India. The heat from the Sun also warms the surrounding ocean waters, but the water warms much more slowly. The cooler air above the ocean is more dense, creating a higher air pressure relative to the lower air pressure over India.
At which map location would no shadow be cast by the vertical stick at solar noon on the first day of summer?                                             

• A
• B
• C
• D

Base your answers to questions 6 through 9 on the map and the passage below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The map shows four different locations in India, labeled A, B, C, and D, where vertical sticks were placed in the ground on the same clear day. The locations of two cities in India are also shown. 
                        Monsoons in India
 A monsoon season is caused by a seasonal shift in the wind direction, which produces excessive rainfall in many parts of the world, most notably India. Cherrapunji, in northeast India, received a record 30.5 feet of rain during July 1861. During the monsoon season from early June into September, Mumbai, India averages 6.8 feet of rain. Mumbai’s total average rainfall for the other eight months of the year is only 3.9 inches. 
Monsoons are caused by unequal heating rates of land and water. As the land heats throughout the summer, a large low-pressure system forms over India. The heat from the Sun also warms the surrounding ocean waters, but the water warms much more slowly. The cooler air above the ocean is more dense, creating a higher air pressure relative to the lower air pressure over India.
Which map shows both the dominant air pressure system that forms over India in the summer and the direction of surface winds around this air pressure system? [High pressure = H, Low pressure = L]
                               

• map 1
• map 2
• map 3
• map 4

Base your answers to questions 6 through 9 on the map and the passage below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The map shows four different locations in India, labeled A, B, C, and D, where vertical sticks were placed in the ground on the same clear day. The locations of two cities in India are also shown. 
                       Monsoons in India
 A monsoon season is caused by a seasonal shift in the wind direction, which produces excessive rainfall in many parts of the world, most notably India. Cherrapunji, in northeast India, received a record 30.5 feet of rain during July 1861. During the monsoon season from early June into September, Mumbai, India averages 6.8 feet of rain. Mumbai’s total average rainfall for the other eight months of the year is only 3.9 inches.
Monsoons are caused by unequal heating rates of land and water. As the land heats throughout the summer, a large low-pressure system forms over India. The heat from the Sun also warms the surrounding ocean waters, but the water warms much more slowly. The cooler air above the ocean is more dense, creating a higher air pressure relative to the lower air pressure over India.
The unequal heating rates of India’s land and water are caused by

• land having a higher density than water
• water having a higher density than land
•  land having a higher specific heat than water
• water having a higher specific heat than land

Base your answers to questions 6 through 9 on the map and the passage below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The map shows four different locations in India, labeled A, B, C, and D, where vertical sticks were placed in the ground on the same clear day. The locations of two cities in India are also shown. 
                       Monsoons in India
 A monsoon season is caused by a seasonal shift in the wind direction, which produces excessive rainfall in many parts of the world, most notably India. Cherrapunji, in northeast India, received a record 30.5 feet of rain during July 1861. During the monsoon season from early June into September, Mumbai, India averages 6.8 feet of rain. Mumbai’s total average rainfall for the other eight months of the year is only 3.9 inches. 
Monsoons are caused by unequal heating rates of land and water. As the land heats throughout the summer, a large low-pressure system forms over India. The heat from the Sun also warms the surrounding ocean waters, but the water warms much more slowly. The cooler air above the ocean is more dense, creating a higher air pressure relative to the lower air pressure over India.
Which processes lead to cloud formation when humid air rises over India?

• compression, warming to the dewpoint, and condensation
• compression, warming to the dewpoint, and evaporation
• expansion, cooling to the dewpoint, and condensation
• expansion, cooling to the dewpoint, and evaporation

 The diagram represents the apparent path of the Sun across the sky at a New York State location on June 21. Point A represents the position of the noon Sun. Points A and B on the path are 45 degrees apart.
How many hours (h) will it take for the apparent position of the Sun to change from point A to point B?

• 1 h
• 2 h
• 3 h
• 4 h