AP TERMS

1.  ad hominin fallacy--(Latin for to the man)

• Fallacy of logic in which the widespread occurrence of something is assumed to make it true or right: e.g. The Escort is the most widely sold ear in the world; therefore, it must be the best
• Fallacy of logic in which a person’s character or motive is attacked instead of that person’s argument.
• Story in which the people, places, and things represent general concepts or moral qualities

ad populum fallacy--(Latin for to the crowd)

•   Story in which the people, places, and things represent general concepts or moral qualities.
• Fallacy of logic in which the widespread occurrence of something is assumed to make it true or right: e.g. The Escort is the most widely sold ear in the world; therefore, it must be the best.
•   Brief reference to a person. Place, event, or passage in a work of literature or the Bible assumed to be sufficiently well known to be recognized by the reader: e.g.

 allegory

• Story in which the people, places, and things represent general concepts or moral qualities.
• Fallacy of logic in which the widespread occurrence of something is assumed to make it true or right: e.g. The Escort is the most widely sold ear in the world; therefore, it must be the best
•   Brief reference to a person. Place, event, or passage in a work of literature or the Bible assumed to be sufficiently well known to be recognized by the reader: e.g. I am Lazarus, come from the dead. I. S. Eliot 

analogy—

• Exploration of a problem by investigating all sides of it

• Citation of information from people recognized for their special knowledge of a subject for the purpose of strengthening a speaker or writers arguments.

• Comparison between two things in which the more complex is explained in terms of the simpler: e.g. comparing a year-long profile of the stock index to a roller-coaster ride.

anecdote—

•  Sudden drop from the dignified or important in thought or expression to the commonplace or trivial, often for humorous effect.
• Short entertaining account of some happening, frequently personal or biographical
• Story in which the people, places, and things represent general concepts or moral qualities.

anticlimax—

•  Short entertaining account of some happening, frequently personal or biographical
• Citation of information from people recognized for their special knowledge of a subject for the purpose of strengthening a speaker or writers arguments
•   Sudden drop from the dignified or important in thought or expression to the commonplace or trivial, often for humorous effect. 

allusion—

• Fallacy of logic in which the widespread occurrence of something is assumed to make it true or right: e.g. The Escort is the most widely sold ear in the world; therefore, it must be the best. 
• Story in which the people, places, and things represent general concepts or moral qualities.
• Brief reference to a person. Place, event, or passage in a work of literature or the Bible assumed to be sufficiently well known to be recognized by the reader: e.g. I am Lazarus, come from the dead. I. S. Eliot

 appeal to authority—

• Citation of information from people recognized for their special knowledge of a subject for the purpose of strengthening a speaker or writers arguments
•    Short entertaining account of some happening, frequently personal or biographical.
•    arrangement of objects according to class

 argumentation—

•  Exploration of a problem by investigating all sides of it; persuasion through reason. 
•  Short entertaining account of some happening, frequently personal or biographical. 
•   Sudden drop from the dignified or important in thought or expression to the commonplace or trivial, often for humorous effect

begging the question—

• Exploration of a problem by investigating all sides of it; persuasion through reason
• fallacy of logical argument that assumes as true the very thing that one is trying to prove.
• Sudden drop from the dignified or important in thought or expression to the commonplace or trivial, often for humorous effect