Enlightenment Test Review

The writers and philosophers of the Enlightenment believed that government decisions should be based on

• fundamental religious beliefs
• the concept of Divine Right
• laws of nature and reason
• traditional values

European political thinkers who supported the Enlightenment believed that

• religious tolerance is a dangerous concept
• an absolute monarchy is the most effective government
• governments should protect the rights of the people
• civil liberties should be given as rewards for political loyalty.

The writings of the Enlightenment philosophers in Europe encouraged later political revolution with their support of

• socialism
• imperialism
• the natural rights of man
• the divine right of monarchies

Writers of the Enlightenment were primarily interested in

• the changing relationship between people and their government
• supporting divine right theory
• debating the role of the church in society
• promoting increased powers for European monarchs

In Two Treatises of Government, John Locke wrote that the purpose of government was to

• keep kings in power
• regulate the economy
• expand territory
• protect natural rights

The writings of the 18th-century French philosophers Diderot, Rousseau, and Voltaire influenced the

• policies of the enlightened despots
• start of the Neolithic Revolution
• success of the German unification movement
• spread of imperialism to Africa and Asia

"Kings sit upon God's throne and rule according to God's law." This statement would most likely have been made by a person who believed in

• oligarchy
• democracy
• absolutism
• glasnost

The Mandate of Heaven in traditional China was most similar to the

• divine right of kings in Western Europe
• political role of the Japanese Emperor after World War II
• rule of the Directory during the French Revolution
• power of the British monarch in the 20th century

One contribution that John Locke made to Enlightenment philosophy was the idea that

• absolute monarchies should continue
• the punishment should fit the crime
• individual rights should be denied
• governments should be based on the consent of the people

According to John Locke, the chief role of government was to

• protect natural rights
• fight territorial wars
• ensure the wealth of the citizens
• redistribute land