Environmental Ch 4-5

Which of the following statements is not correct?

• Plants and other producers get their energy directly from the sun.

• Animals get their energy from the sun indirectly.

• Bacteria that live deep in the ocean get their energy from hydrogen sulfide in hot water.

• Consumers get their energy directly from the sun.

What type of succession occurs after a natural process such as a flood?

• primary succession

• secondary succession

• old-field succession

• climax community

Which kind of organism obtains energy only from producers?

• decomposers

• herbivores

• omnivores

• All of the above

If an insect eats a plant and a bird eats the insect, about how much energy from the plants is stored in the insect for the bird to use?

• 90%

• 50%

• 10%

• 1%

Which gas makes up 78% of our atmosphere but can be used by plants only when transformed by bacteria first?

• nitrogen

• oxygen

• hydrogen

• carbon dioxide

Which of the following is responsible for making nitrogen in the atmosphere usable by living organisms?

• absorption of nitrogen in rain

• conversion of nitrogen into carbohydrates by photosynthesis

• nitrogen-fixing bacteria

• decomposing bacteria

Which of the following plants is likely to be a pioneer species

• lichen

• grass

• shrub

• oak tree

What kind of natural disaster helps some forest communities by allowing some trees to release their seeds, by clearing away deadwood, and by encouraging new growth?

• fire

• flood

• windstorm

• drought

What term is used to refer to the many feeding relationships that are possible in an ecosystem>

• food web

• food chain

• energy pyramid

• energy transfer

Which organism is liekly to be in the bottom trophic level of a food chain?

• leopard seal

• algae

• krill

• killer whale