Environmental Ch 4-5

Which of the following statements is not correct?

• Plants and other producers get their energy directly from the sun.
• Animals get their energy from the sun indirectly.
• Bacteria that live deep in the ocean get their energy from hydrogen sulfide in hot water.
• Consumers get their energy directly from the sun.

What type of succession occurs after a natural process such as a flood?

• primary succession
• secondary succession
• old-field succession
• climax community

Which kind of organism obtains energy only from producers?

• decomposers
• herbivores
• omnivores
• All of the above

If an insect eats a plant and a bird eats the insect, about how much energy from the plants is stored in the insect for the bird to use?

• 90%
• 50%
• 10%
• 1%

Which gas makes up 78% of our atmosphere but can be used by plants only when transformed by bacteria first?

• nitrogen
• oxygen
• hydrogen
• carbon dioxide

Which of the following is responsible for making nitrogen in the atmosphere usable by living organisms?

• absorption of nitrogen in rain
• conversion of nitrogen into carbohydrates by photosynthesis
• nitrogen-fixing bacteria
• decomposing bacteria

Which of the following plants is likely to be a pioneer species

• lichen
• grass
• shrub
• oak tree

What kind of natural disaster helps some forest communities by allowing some trees to release their seeds, by clearing away deadwood, and by encouraging new growth?

• fire
• flood
• windstorm
• drought

What term is used to refer to the many feeding relationships that are possible in an ecosystem>

• food web
• food chain
• energy pyramid
• energy transfer

Which organism is liekly to be in the bottom trophic level of a food chain?

• leopard seal
• algae
• krill
• killer whale