Basic Biological Concepts

An organ system is made up of

• organs that work together to perform a certain function.
• organisms that have similar behaviors and appearances.
• identical cells that perform the same function.
• all of the tissues found in an individual organism.

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Cells have particular structures that perform specific jobs. These structures are known as _______.

• organelles
• organs
• systems
• tissues

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2

What are the most basic building blocks of all organisms?

• bones
• cells
• muscles
• organs

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NGSS.MS-LS1-1

A group of tissues working together is _______.

• a cell
• a compound
• an organ
• an organelle

Which of the following describes the fundamental difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Prokaryotic cells are all viruses and rely on the infection of a host cell to replicate.
• Eukaryotic cells are only found in protists, bacteria, and viruses.
• Eukaryotic cells are the only type of cells that can possess a cell wall.
• Prokaryotic cells do not have a true nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.

 Are viruses alive? The scientific debate continues. Viruses exhibit some characteristics of life, but others are missing. 
The MOST obvious reason why scientists still refer to viruses as non-living is that they

• do not change over time.
• do not contain any genetic material.
• are much smaller than anything alive.
• are not composed of one or more cells.

A scientist performs a series of experiments to confirm an idea regarding cellular metabolism. The results of the experiments support the scientist's initial idea, and after conferring with colleagues, the scientist discovers that evidence from many experiments has supported the idea. This idea could now be considered a(n) 

• theory
• hypothesis
• observation
• control

When a sharp pin gets stuck in your finger, your arm moves quickly away. This is an example of which characteristic of life?
Living things :

• respond to stimuli.
• are homeostatic.
• reproduce.
• are adapted to a particular way of life.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-8

About 12 to 24 hours after the last meal, a person's blood sugar level normally varies from about 60 to 90 milligrams per 100 milliters of blood, though it may attain 130 mg/100 ml after meals high in carbohydrates. That the blood sugar level is maintained within a fairly narrow range in spite of uneven intake of sugar is due to the body's ability to carry out

• adaptation
• reproduction
• use of energy
• homeostasis

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Eukaryotic cells are differentiated from prokaryotic cells because eukaryotic cells

• are much smaller.
• have permeable membranes.
• have a higher rate of reproduction.
• have nuclei.