Intro to Criminal Justice chapter 5

The basic concepts of American law enforcement and criminal justice originated in:

• New England
• Texas
• New York
• England

Under the tithing system, groups of 10 families (or a tithing) would follow three of the principles listed below. Which one does NOT belong?

• Agree to follow the law
• Keep the peace in their areas
• Select one man from each parish as chief peacekeeper
• Bring law violators to justice

According to Peel, the main function of the police was to ____ by ____ of the community.

• solve crime; active investigation
• prevent crime; preventive patrol
• solve crime; preventive patrol
• prevent crime; active investigation

Early American citizens welcomed the formation of the first police departments.

• True
• False

Which was the first American city to create a paid and unified municipal police force?

• New York
• Philadelphia
• Boston
• Philadelphia

After the Civil War, municipal police officers began to take on the characteristics of today's police. Three of these characteristics are listed below. Which one does NOT belong?

• They began to carry nightsticks
• They began to carry firearms
• They began to wear uniforms
• They began to form posses

Following the backlash to Reconstruction and the loss of jobs of black police officers, during which of the following periods were black police officers hired again in most southern cities?

• 1920s and 1930s
• 1890s and 1900s
• 1960s and 1970s
• 1940s and 1950s

In the South, the earliest form of policing was the slave patrols 

• true
• false

August Vollmer advocated three principles to professionalize American policing. Which of the following does NOT belong?

• He advocated training as a key ingredient in professionalizing policing.
• He believed that citizens needed training in methods of self-policing.
• He believed strongly that the police should stay out of politics and that politics should stay out of policing.
• He advocated education as a key ingredient in professionalizing policing.

At various times in American history, local police have acted in several different roles. Three of the roles listed in your textbook are below. Which one does NOT belong?

• Social workers
• Firefighters
• Public servants
• Peacekeepers