Chapter 4 Ecosystems & communities

How does an area’s weather differ from the area’s climate?

• Weather involves temperature and precipitation and climate involves only temperature.
• An area’s weather depends on where it is located on Earth and the area’s climate does not
• . An area’s weather does not change very much and an area’s climate changes many times.
• Weather is the area’s day-to-day conditions and climate is the area’s average conditions

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The greenhouse effect is

• something that has only occurred for the last 50 years
• a natural phenomenon that maintains Earth’s temperature range
• the result of the differences in the angle of the sun’s rays.
• an unnatural phenomenon that causes heat energy to be radiated back into the atmosphere.

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The tendency for warm air to rise and cool air to sink results in

• global wind patterns.
• . ocean upwelling.
• the seasons.
• regional precipitation

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Which of the following is a biological aspect of an organism’s niche?

• the water in the area
• the way it gets food
• amount of sunlight
• composition of soil

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Several species of warblers can live in the same spruce tree ONLY because they

• have different habitats within the tree.
• don’t eat food from the tree.
• occupy different niches within the tree.
• can find different temperatures within the tree.

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An interaction in which an animal feeds on plants is called

• . carnivory
• herbivory.
• predation
• symbiosis.

Primary succession would most likely occur after

• a forest fire
• a lava flow.
• farm land is abandoned.
• a severe storm.

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Which biome is characterized by very low temperatures, little precipitation, and permafrost?

• desert
• temperate forest
• tundra
• tropical dry forest

The nutrient availability of aquatic ecosystems is the

• amount of nitrogen, oxygen, and other elements dissolved in the water.
• number of other organisms present in the water.
• amount of rainfall the water receives.
• number of different animal species living in the water.

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Freshwater ecosystems that often originate from underground sources in mountains or hills are

• estuaries.
• rivers and streams
• lakes and ponds
• wetlands.