Genetics and Heredity

________________ is the study of heredity or patterns of inheritance of specific traits, relating to genes and genetic information

• biology 
• genetics 
• ecology 
• zoology 

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________________ is the passing of genetic factors from parent to offspring (or from one generation to the next)

• zoology 
• history 
• geology 
• heredity 

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

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The father of genetics is _____________________. 

• Gregor Mendel 
• Charles Darwin 
• George Washington 
• Robert Hooke 

A trait is 

• the genetic make-up of an organism 
• any characteristic that can be passed from parent to offspring
  
• a breeding experiment that shows the possible offspring for one specific trait
• the study of heredity or patterns of inheritance of specific traits, relating to genes and genetic information

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

The law of segregation states that 

• two alleles for each characteristic segregate during gamete production
• Alleles for different traits are distributed to sex cells (& offspring) independently of one another
• one of the factors for a pair of inherited traits will be dominant and the other recessive, unless both factors are recessive
• One allele is not completely dominant over another

Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be

• hybrid 
• homozygous 
• heterozygous 
• dominant 

How many different allele combinations would be found in the gametes produced by a pea plant whose genotype was RrYY?

• 1
• 2
• 4
• 16

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Situations in which one allele for a gene is not completely dominant over another allele for that gene are called

• multiple alleles
• incomplete dominance 
• co-dominance 
• dominance 

A cross of a black chicken (BB) with a white chicken (WW) produces all speckled offspring (BW). This type of inheritance is known as

• co-dominance 
• polygenic inheritance 
• incomplete dominace

What is the probability that a human offspring will be female? 

• 10
• 25
• 50
• 100

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