Semester Exam Review

The solid, liquid, and gaseous states of water differ form each other in __________.

• the mass of the individual atoms
• the size of the individual atoms
• the net electrical charge of the individual molecules
• the average speed of movement of the individual molecules

Gas stations warn customers not to fill their tanks too much because the tank could overflow as the day gets warmer. Which statement BEST explains why the gasoline would overflow?

• Heat cause liquids to expand
• Heat cause liquid to contract
• Heat cause air to leave the tank
• Heat causes air to flow into the tank. 

The circles in the bottles represent the same particles of matter. Which answer correctly identifies each state of matter?

• 1: solid; 2: liquid; 3: gas
• 1: solid; 2: gas; 3: liquid
• 1: gas; 2: plasma; 3: solid
• 1: liquid; 2: solid; 3: plasma

As ice cream melts, its molecules ________

• release heat energy and move farther apart
• absorb heat energy and move farther apart
• absorb heat energy and move closer together
• release heat energy and mover closer together

Which statement best describes the motion of the water molecules when heat is added to the beaker? 

• The molecules slow down.
  
• The molecules move closer together.
  
• The molecules speed up.
  
• The molecules do not change their motion. 

When Joe put a cheeseburger sealed in a plastic bag into the microwave, there was not much air in the bag. After the cheeseburger was cooked, the plastic bag was full of air. Where did the air come from? 

• It came out of the cheeseburger.
  
• It came from the fan in the microwave.
  
• It was already in the bag and it expanded as it was heated.
  
• It came from a chemical reaction whereby energy from the microwave creates O2 molecules. 

Which of these is a change in chemical composition? 

• A lake freezes solid.
  
• Gravel, sand, and water are mixed.
  
• A copper bar is rolled into a flat sheet.
  
• Vinegar bubbles when baking soda is added. 

If you break a piece of glass, the shape of the glass changes, but the properties in the fragments remain the same. Which of the following has occurred? 

•  A phase change
  
• A physical change
  
• A chemical change
  
• A temperature change 

In making a pizza, which process involves a chemical change? 

• mixing spices for the sauce
  
• spreading cheese on the pizza
  
• slicing pepperoni for the topping
  
•  baking the dough to form the crust 

Which of the following is a characteristic of ALL chemical changes? 

• A new material is formed.
  
• Some form of light is given off.
  
• Some mass is converted to energy.
  
• Some mass is converted to energy.