Chapter 7: Deviance Review

Which of the following is true about deviance?

• Deviance can only affect society in negative ways.
• Some societies have eliminated deviance altogether.
• It is easy to identify deviant behavior.
• Ideas of deviance can change from one social context to another.

Sociologists call an action that rewards a particular kind of behavior a(n)

• internalization
• anomie
• positive sanction
• formal sanction

Which of the 4 deviant responses outlined in strain theory would describe someone who finds illegal ways to achieve culturally appropriate goals? 

• Rebellion
• Retreatism
• Ritualism
• Innovation

Which of the 4 deviant responses outlined in strain theory would describe someone who finds new ways to achieve new goals? 

• Rebellion
• Retreatism
• Ritualism
• Innovation

Which theory would say that you learn deviant behavior from your significant others, the same way you learn other social norms. 

• Control Theory
• Strain Theory
• Differential Association Theory
• Labeling Theory

What theory would say that deviance is most likely when there is a gap between culturally appropriate goals and the legitimate inability to reach those goals? 

• Control Theory
• Strain Theory
• Differential Association Theory
• Labeling Theory

What is it called when people reject both the means and the goals of society?

• Conformity

• Retreatism

• Ritualism

• Innovation

How does primary deviance differ from secondary deviance?

• Primary deviance derives from primary groups.

• Secondary deviance is not as important as primary deviance.

• In primary deviance people identify with deviant behavior.

• Primary deviance is deviant behavior that only happens once in a while.

Consider the following statement: “The more you hang around with a group of teenagers who shoplift, the more likely it is that you will become a shoplifter.” Which of the following theories would most strongly agree with this statement?

• control theory
• differential association

• labeling theory
• retreatism theory

Control theory proposes that:

• Deviance occurs when people with power label those with less power as deviant.

• Deviance affirms norms, values and morals; unifies people; promotes social change.

• Deviance has a role to play in the functioning and stability of society.

• Deviance occurs as peoples bond to society are weak or broken.