6.E.2.2 Earthquakes & Volcanoes (snet)

Where does the energy from an earthquake originate?

• from a sudden increase in solar radiation striking Earth
• from the Moon’s gravitational pull during a close orbit
• from rocks under stress shifting deep below Earth’s surface
• from the weight of sediments pushing down on bedrock

What major events cause islands to form in the Pacific Ocean?

• tsunamis
• severe storms
• volcanic eruptions
• erosion

The movement of crustal plates results from circulating currents in material beneath the crust of Earth. Which BEST describes the material which moves the crustal plates?

• hot water
• molten rock
• liquid metal
• solid iron

Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of earthquakes?

• shifting rock layers
• crashing meteorites
•  rotation of the core
• magnetic force

At which location does the movement of tectonic plates form isolated volcanic islands, such as Hawaii?

• transform boundary
•  divergent boundary
• subduction zone
• hot spot

 The Hawaiian Islands are of volcanic origin. Many scientists thought that each island had an individual magma plume or hot spot that erupted and formed the islands. Other scientists speculated that these islands were the result of a single hot spot. Which of these statements BEST supports the single hot spot hypothesis?

• The Pacific tectonic plate is too small to have multiple hot spots.
• The hot spot was large enough to form all the islands at the same time.
•  The volcanoes at hot spots have only one eruption which lasts for hundreds of years.
• The locations of the volcanoes match the movement of the Pacific tectonic plate over a hot spot.

 In an earthquake, the primary waves move through

• air
• water 
• soil
• rock

Which process is represented by the diagram?

• beach erosion
• trench formation
• glacial movement
• island formation

Which geologic process MOST likely caused the formation of the Mount St. Helens Volcano?

•  converging boundaries
• diverging boundaries
•  transform faults
• rift zones

Which is a fact rather than an opinion about earthquakes?

•  Earthquakes occur along fault lines.
• Earthquakes are worse than hurricanes
• Earthquakes are bad for all local businesses.
•  Earthquakes always cause major damage to homes.