Quiz about Causation vs Correlation

Question 1

According the concept of _____________, events occur in predictable, nonrandom ways. One event leads to another.

Accepted Answer

causation

Answer

correlations

Answer

dependent variables

Answer

sociology

Question 2

A correlation shows that two things are

Accepted Answer

Answer

causing each other

Answer

unrelated

Question 3

This implies that one variable has a direct affect on the other variable.

Accepted Answer

Causation

Answer

Correlation

Question 4

Which example shows CAUSATION?

Accepted Answer

Car ran out of gas and being stranded on the side of the road.

Answer

High social media usage and reduced grades.

Answer

Recess time and classroom behavior in elementary school

Question 5

Which example shows CORRELATION?

Accepted Answer

Music lessons and brain development.

Answer

I ate a hananero pepper and my mouth feels like it is on fire.

Answer

I stepped on a spider and it died.

Question 6

Which example shows CAUSATION?

Accepted Answer

It started raining and the baseball game was delayed.

Answer

Stress level and desire for chocolate.

Answer

Eating more butter and increased divorce rates.

Question 7

Which example shows CORRELATION?

Accepted Answer

Temperature and the amount of people at the beach.

Answer

I put water in the freezer and now I have ice.

Answer

The alarm clock went off and I woke up.

Question 8

Which example shows CAUSATION?

Accepted Answer

An insect ate poison and it died.

Answer

Being happy and being a better student.

Question 9

Aging of the brain tends to be delayed in people with a college education
Aging of the brain is the

Accepted Answer

Response Variable

Answer

Explanatory Variable

Question 10

Aging of the brain tends to be delayed in people with a college education

Accepted Answer

correlation without causation

Answer

Causation

Question 11

Car owners tend to live longer than people who do not own a car
Owning a car is the

Accepted Answer

Explanatory Variable

Answer

Response Variable

Question 12

Car owners tend to live longer than people who do not own a car

Accepted Answer

Correlation without causation

Answer

Causation

Question 13

To graphically represent a correlation between two variables construct a ___.

Accepted Answer

scatterplot

Answer

box & whisker diagram

Answer

histogram

Answer

normal curve

Question 14

A statistical method used to fit a linear model to a given data set.

Accepted Answer

linear regression

Answer

line of best fit

Answer

least squares line

Answer

linear progression

Question 15

The correlation coefficient "r" is a value between

Accepted Answer

-1 and 1

Answer

0 and 1

Answer

0 and 100

Answer

-2 and 2

Question 16

If there is NO correlation, the correlation coefficient is ____.

Accepted Answer

0

Answer

1

Answer

-1

Question 17

Estimate the value of r:

Accepted Answer

0.10

Answer

0.83

Answer

- 0.75

Answer

1

Question 18

Estimate the value of r:

Accepted Answer

- 0.72

Answer

0.03

Answer

-1

Answer

0.79

Question 19

Which sentence describes the relationship shown on this scatterplot?

Accepted Answer

As the temperature increases, the number of visitors increases.

Answer

As the temperature decreases, the visitors increase.

Answer

As the visitors increase, the temperature decreases.

Answer

No correlation

Question 20

Which of the following statements shows a relationship that is correlated but not causal?

Accepted Answer

The increase of warm, sunny days and the number of ice cream vendors visible.

Answer

The amount of rainfall received and level of water in the lake.

Answer

The number of lights left on each day and the amount of the electric bill.

Answer

The number of hours worked and how much money is made.

Question 21

Which of the following statements shows a causal relationship and not just a correlated one?

Accepted Answer

The number of minutes spent exercising and the amount of calories burned.

Answer

An individual's decision to work in construction and his diagnosis of skin cancer.

Answer

A decrease in temperature and the increase in attendance at an ice skating rink.

Answer

As a child's weight increases so does her vocabulary.

Question 22

A variable that has an effect on the outcome of a study but was not part of the investigation.

Accepted Answer

Lurking Variable

Answer

Explanatory Variable

Answer

Residual

Answer

Response Variable

Question 23

A sociologist studying the relationship between early childhood nutrition and academic achievement in middle school among children in a certain city finds that the correlation between these two variables is 0.86.  Which of the following conclusions can he draw from this study?

Accepted Answer

Children in this city who have a healthy diet in early childhood tend to do better in middle school.

Answer

Children in this city who do well in middle school tend to not have better healthy diets.

Answer

Since the correlation is so low, no conclusions can be drawn.

Causation vs Correlation

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