Diversity, Evolution, Extinction & Natural Selection

_____ provide evidence that living things evolved from earlier species.

• Religions
• Historical fictions
• Videos of dinosaurs
• Fossils

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Biological change over time accounts for the diversity of species. This diversity

• develops only through sudden change over a single generation
• occurs in the animal kingdom but not the plant kingdom
• develops through gradual processes over many generations
• occurs in the plant kingdom but not ht e animal kingdom

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

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Which of the following is an example of natural selection?

• To produce more desirable fruit, a farmer crosses a tree that produces sweet oranges with a tree that produces large oranges.

• Pesticides are sprayed in a field, resulting in an increase in crop growth and a decrease in insect population.

• Cricket frogs prefer to sleep during the day, while red-eyed tree frogs prefer to sleep during the night.

• Rabbits with a mutation for longer, thicker fur survive an unusually cold winter, while many normal rabbits do not survive.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

The image shows the fossilized remains of an animal that once lived long ago. What organism most likely evolved from this early species?

• rabbit

• bird

• squirrel

• fish

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

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Which characteristic measurement of a wave is identified by the letter A?

• Loudness

• Amplitude

• Frequency

• Wavelength

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NGSS.MS-PS4-1

A deer is born with the ability to smell predators better than the other deer in its population. As a result, this deer has several seconds of warning every time wolves or other predators attack, This trait may be selected by natural selection because it increases the deer's ______?

• Ability to select mates

• Ability to survive

• Ability to find food

• Sense of safety

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NGSS.MS-LS3-1

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What genetic factor is most likely to result in the extinction of an entire species?

• A genetic resistance against many idseases

• A lack of genetic variety in the population

• A lot of genetic variety in a population

• A genetic defect in a few members of the population

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Due to its ability to camouflage its self from predators, the White Peppered Moth was once much more abundant that the Black Peppered Moth. As the Industrial Revolution hit, factories began to release black soot which coated everything. Because the moths' habitat was now darker, the white moth became much more susceptible to predators. At the same time, the black peppered moth was not more protected and began to increase in number. This story is an example of

• Endangered species

• Extinction

• Mutation

• Natural selection

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Evolution is a

• Law because it has been proven without exception under certain stated conditions.

• Theory because it is an explanation that is supported by extensive observations, experimentation and reasoning.

• Prediction because it makes an educated guess about events that will occur in the future.

• Variable because it is a factor that can be changed during experimentation.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Natural selection is defined as

• The changes that occur in a population that do not affect survival.

• The changes that occur in a organism over its lifespan.

• The process by which humans select the most desirable organisms in a population.

• The changes in the characteristics within a population that lead to survival.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4