Chapter 19, Environmental Interdependence

Which of the following would you expect to find at the top of an energy pyramid?        

• a wolf that has no natural enemies
• a tree that produces leaves eaten by deer 
• a mouse that eats small insects and worms
• an antelope that eats grass

What would happen   to the transfer of energy if producers were removed from this cycle?  

• a.  consumers would get all their energy directly from the sun
• a.  the flow of energy in the system would immediately decrease
• a.  decomposers would replace producers in the transfer of energy
• a.  the energy in inorganic nutrients would be transferred directly to consumers

How are energy and nutrients moved differently through living systems? 

• energy flows only one way, but nutrients recycle
• the amount of energy is limited in the biosphere, but nutrients are always available
• nutrients flow in one direction, but energy can recycle 
• energy forms chemical bonds,  but most nutrients are lost as heat

How many producers are shown in this food web?

• 0
• 1
• 2
• 4

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the relationships represented in the   food web? 

• the fish represent secondary consumers
• the water snakes are top predators 
• the aquatic vegetation and terrestrial grasses are producers
• the insects are decomposers

Which organisms are found on the first trophic level? 

• aquatic vegetation and terrestrial grasses
• zooplankton and insects
•  fish and spiders
• frogs and water snakes

Which of the following is an example of competition in an ecosystem?  

• a flea gets a blood meal from a rabbit
• a rabbit eats grass and plants
• Kudzu grows over other trees and plants and prevents them from getting sunlight
• Zebra mussels attach to the bottom of a boat

What type of relationship is represented by an organism catching and feeding on another  organism? 

• competition
• cooperation
• mutualism
• predation

Which of the following is NOT considered a heterotroph?      

• herbivores
• carnivores
• decomposers
• producers

What is the ultimate source of almost all energy in ecosystems?  

•      complex carbohydrates 
• sunlight
• simple carbohydrates
• carbon