The four largest moons of Jupiter were first seen in the early 1600s. Which of the following made this possible in the 1600s?

• The United States launched a space shuttle.
• Galileo invented the first telescope.
• Satellites sent back the first images.
• Jupiter’s moons decreased in size.

Over the years, how did scientists make new discoveries about objects that are far away from Earth?

• Read books
• Built larger and more advanced telescopes
• Stood on rooftops
• Tested Earth’s soil

The United States has landed a device on Mars. Using this device, which question can now be answered that could not be answered before?

• What is the soil like on Mars?
• What shape and color is Mars?
• How far away is Mars?
• Does Mars have any moons?

Which of the following is true about the stars we see?

• They are all the same size.
• Most are only visible at night.
• There are about 30 visible stars.
• They are all the same distance.

Many stars are much larger than the Sun. However, the Sun appears to be larger than all other stars because it is _________.

• the oldest star in the galaxy.
• the closest of all the stars we see.
• much colder than the other stars.
• 
  the only one with planets around it.

The table provides information about the sizes and distances from Earth of four different stars. Which star will appear brightest in the night sky?  

• Star A
• Star B
• Star C
• Star D

A teacher places a flashlight near a wall and turns it on. A second flashlight is then placed in the middle of the room and turned on. Students are instructed to sit against the wall on the other side of the classroom. Which observation by the students supports the idea that brighter stars are closer to Earth?

• Both flashlights are the same size.
•      The flashlights must be turned on to make light.
•      After a long time, both flashlights become less bright.
• The second flashlight appears brighter than the first.

Which of the following is an accurate description of one of the differences between planets and stars?

• Planets are only found outside our solar system; all stars are inside our solar system.
• Stars appear to move back and forth in the night sky, while planets appear to move in an orbit..
• Planets can be seen because they reflect light; stars can be seen because they give off light.
• Planets are always made up of pure gas, while stars are solid.

This table lists information about two types of objects that can be seen in the night sky. Which of the following will correctly complete the table by filling in the missing characteristic of Object Type 1?

• Releases large amounts of heat energy           
• Many of them are larger than the Sun
• Does not twinkle when viewed in the night sky

To make the Moon and the planets look nearer, one uses a

• barometer
• speedometer
• telescope
• microscope