APW ch 20 & 22 Test

Which of the following contributed the most to the enormous growth of the European population during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?

• The decrease in epidemic disease

• New crops from other continents

• An increasing birth rate

• Increased sanitation methods in urban centers

Which of the following is NOT part of the teachings put forth by Martin Luther?

• Good works are sufficient as a means of achieving salvation

• Rituals and sacraments are less important than one’s relationship with God

• A good believer should read the Bible diligently

• All of the above are teachings of Luther

Luther’s initial stimulus for formulating the Ninety-Five Theses was

• His excommunication from the Roman Catholic church

• The sale of indulgences

• His time spent in England during the English Reformation

• The turmoil caused by having two popes during the Great Schism

The Council of Trent

• Successfully reached a compromise in the early Protestant movement between Luther and Calvin

• Played a key role in Henry VIII’s break with the Catholic church

• Took steps to reform the Catholic Church

• Launched the witch-hunts of the sixteenth century throughout Europe

Henry VIII’s reformation in England

• Was based on the ideas of the Anabaptists

• Was much more politically driven than Luther’s reformation

• Was inspired more by John Calvin’s thought than by Luther’s thought

• Made far more profound changes in theology than Luther's reformation did

By the year 1600, which of the following were strongholds of Protestantism?

• Austria and France

• Hungary and Northern Germany

• Northern Italy and Sothern Germany

• Scandinavia and Northern Germany

The Jesuits were

• Protestant missionaries

• Catholic missionaries

• Founders of institutions of higher education

• Both "B" and "C"

Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons for the decline in Spain’s power?

• wars in the Spanish Netherlands

• the defeat of the Spanish Armada

• a civil war over religion

• severe inflation

How did Peter the Great change Russia’s geopolitical orientation?

• By focusing its affairs more on Europe than on Asia
• By focusing its affairs more on Asia than on Europe
• By making Russian into a democratic state
• By creating a parliament that had total control over Russia’s foreign policy

Which of the following is NOT true about the emergence of capitalism in Europe?

• One of the earliest advocates of capitalism was Adam Smith

• The rise of capitalism paralleled the growth of Europe’s middle class

• Capitalism operated according to the principle of economic competition

• Capitalism involved greater governmental control over economic activity