URBANIZATION

By the 1890s, more than half of all immigrants in the United States were

• European Jews.

• eastern and southern Europeans.

• Chinese.

• Japanese.

In response to the Supreme Court’s ruling in Wabash v. Illinois, Congress created the

• McKinley Tariff.

• Sherman Antitrust Act.

• Pendleton Act.

• Interstate Commerce Commission.

Many labor unions opposed immigration, arguing that most immigrants

• had no marketable skills.

• would work for low wages.

• would not join a union.

• did not understand English.

In the late 1800s, the most common form of mass transit was the

a.

c.

b.

d.

• cable car.

• trolley.

• horsecar.

• subway.

New technology helped farmers produce more crops, which tended to

• lower prices.

• raise prices.

• raise quality.

• lower quality.

William M. Tweed was

• the inventor of the electric trolley

  car.

• the leader of the Workingman’s Party.

• the designer of the first skyscraper.

• the party boss of a political machine.

__________________was the philosophy that Americans with a great deal of money should use it for social progress.

• Social Darwinism

• Gospel of Wealth

• Realism

• Marxism

“. . . We say not one word against those who live on the Atlantic coast, but the hardy pioneers who have braved all of

the dangers of the wilderness, who have made the desert blossom as the rose . . . it is for these that we speak.”

—William Jennings Bryan

____ 9. Who was Bryan giving this speech for?

• New Yorkers

• Western settlers

• Desert nomads

• Southerners

Subway systems were first developed to

• transport people away from cities.

• carry people from one city to another

• relieve congestion on city streets.

• eliminate polluted air in the cities.

Political machines provided new city dwellers with necessities such as jobs, housing, and police protection in exchange for

• kickbacks.

• graft.

• votes.

• wages.