Module 1 Review

Fish, frogs, and plankton are some organisms found in a pond. Which characteristics do fish, frogs, and plankton have in common?

• They live only in water.

• They make their own food.

• They require energy to live.

• They breathe air through their gills.

A bacterial cell is a prokaryote, while the protist Euglena is a eukaryote. Which structure is present in both organisms?

• A nucleus that controls the actions of the cell.

• A mitochondria that provides the cell with energy.

• A cell wall that maintains a rigid structure for the cell.

• A cell membrane that holds in the contents of the cell.

Which of the following best describes one function of chloroplasts in a cell?

• storage of wastes

• capture of solar energy

• regulation of water transport

• release of energy from carbohydrates

Most anabolic reactions, such as fat and polysaccharide synthesis, require energy to build macromolecules. Which source provides the usable form of energy to the cell for these reactions?

• ATP

• DNA

• glucose

• sunlight

A certain type of epithelial tissue consists of layers of cells tightly bound together. This tissue lacks blood vessels and has a high rate of cell replacement. Which statement describes the most likely function of this tissue in the body?

• It allows for the movement of limbs.

• It provides cushioning to internal organs.

• It provides physical protection against injury.

• It transports various nutrients throughout the body.

Which statement best compares the energy transformations of photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

• Only photosynthesis uses oxygen to create energy.

• Only photosynthesis creates an increase in kinetic energy.

• Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both store energy in chemical bonds.

• Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both require chemical energy to make food.

The plasma membrane of a eukaryotic cell has many transmembrane proteins that cross the lipid bilayer. Which statement best describes the function of these proteins in the plasma membrane?

• They create a rigid barrier for the cell.

• They make the membrane impermeable to water.

• They transport undigested material to the outside of the cell.

• They provide channels of movement for some ions and molecules.

Cell membrane proteins are involved in the movement of some substances across the cell membrane. What type of molecular movement requires cellular energy in addition to the membrane proteins?

• osmosis

• endocytosis

• active transport

• facilitated diffusion

How does the Golgi apparatus prepare proteins for use by an organism?

• The Golgi apparatus sorts proteins and sends them to their appropriate destination in a cell.

• The Golgi apparatus folds, processes, assembles, and stores proteins for future cell needs.

• The Golgi apparatus translates the genetic code into amino acids that form the proteins.

• The Golgi apparatus sequences nucleotides to form RNA codons that instruct protein formation.

Salt concentration in the body fluids of most saltwater fish is low compared to their surroundings. Which ability helps these fish to live in their high salt concentration environment?

• passing concentrated urine

• taking in water through their gills

• active transport of salt out of their bodies

• avoiding intake of water by closing their mouths