Chapter 10 Development

_______1. A psychologist spends her entire career studying how and why changes occur in people throughout their lives. This psychologist is most likely working in the field of ___________.

• a) abnormal psychology

• b) gerontology

• c) human development

• d) maturational studies

• e) applied psychology

_____2. Unlike other types of research, a cross-sequential design allows researchers to _________.

• a) combine longitudinal and cross-sectional research strategies

• b) look for gender differences

• c) reduce experimenter bias

• d) only include cross-sectional strategies within the design

• e) reduce the volunteer effect

______3. Juan and Carlos are identical twins. Juan was raised by his father and mother, and Carlos was accidentally placed with another family after a “mix up” at the hospital. At the age of 15, both boys “ran into each other” at a football game and noticed how they appeared to be “mirror images of each other.” After proving they were twins by genetic testing, the families discussed some of the differences between the boys. Juan is very athletic and intelligent and excels in basketball but does not take school seriously and has F’s in all subjects. Carlos is also athletic and intelligent, and excels in baseball and makes straight A’s as a result of his strict home life and study routine. Although they are identical twins, what do you think accounts for the differences in their academic performance based on the research?

• a) nurture

• nature

• c) school district superintendent

• d) teacher appraisals of performance

• e) cognitive restructuring

_______4. Which of the following is a special molecule that contains the genetic material of the organism?

• a) gene

• b) chromosome

• c) amine

• d) autosome

• e) DNA

________5. Humans have a total of _______ chromosomes.

• a) 21

• b) 22

• c) 23

• d) 42

• e) 46

_______6. At fertilization, the chromosomes from the father’s sperm unite with the chromosomes from the mother’s egg, creating a new cell called a(n) _______________.

• a) embryo

• b) zygote

• c) genome

• d) blastocyst

• e) fetus

______7. Which of the following describes the embryonic period?

• a) the period during which the zygote moves down to the uterus and begins to implant in the lining

• b) the period during which the major organs and structures of the organism first develop

• c) the period during which the umbilical cord develops

• c) the period during which the umbilical cord develops

  d) the period during which the placenta begins to function

• organs continue to develop and become functional

______8. Times when certain internal and external influences have a major impact on development are called ______.

• a) fetal periods

• b) germinal periods

• c) zygotic periods

• d) latency periods

• e) critical periods

_____9 Javier was born 3 days ago. His parents have noticed that he has several reflexes which the doctors have been testing. Which of the following is NOT a reflex exhibited by healthy newborns?

• a) Moro reflex

• b) rooting reflex

• c) walking reflex

• d) stepping reflex

• e) grasping

______10. Which is the correct order of development of Six Motor Milestones, according to research?

• a) sitting up with support, sitting up without support, crawling, walking, raising head and chest, rolling over

• b) crawling, walking, raising head and chest, rolling over, sitting up with support, sitting up without support

• c) raising head and chest, rolling over, sitting up with support, sitting up without support, crawling, walking

• d) rolling over, sitting up with support, sitting up without support, crawling, walking, raising head and chest

• e) rolling over, raising head and chest, sitting up with support, sitting up without support, crawling, walking