Classical Conditioning

The conditioned stimulus (CS):

• is the response to the UCS.

• is originally the neutral stimulus that gains the power to cause the CR.

• triggers an unconditioned response reflexively or automatically when the CR happens.

• is what triggers the UCS to occur.

Once Pavlov's dogs learned to salivate to the sound of a bell, the bell was a(n)

• unconditioned stimulus

• neutral stimulus

• conditioned stimulus

• unconditioned response

A real estate agent showed Henry several pictures of lakeshore property while they were eating a delicious, mouth-watering meal. Later, when Henry was given a tour of the property, he drooled with delight. For Henry, the lakeshore property was a:

• UCS.

• CS.

• UCR.

• CR.

A child's fear at the sight of a hypodermic needle is a(n):

• conditioned response.

• unconditioned response.

• conditioned stimulus.

• unconditioned stimulus.

In Pavlov's experiments, the dog's salivation triggered by the taste of the food was a(n):

• conditioned response.

• unconditioned stimulus.

• unconditioned response.

• conditioned stimulus.

What is classical conditioning?

• Learning caused by pairing and association of two stimuli

• Learning by responding to environmental stimuli

• Learning explained by its consequences

• Learning explained by modelling

In classical conditioning, learning is quickest when

• the neutral stimulus occurs slightly before the unconditioned stimulus

• the unconditioned stimulus occurs slightly before the neutral stimulus

• the neutral stimulus is presented simultaneously with the unconditioned stimulus

• the unconditioned stimulus is produced after the neutral stimulus has been present for some time

After recovering from a serious motorbike accident, Oliver was afraid to ride a motorbike but not a bicycle. Oliver's pattern of fear best illustrates

• stimulus generalisation

• secondary reinforcement

• stimulus discrimination

• extinction

After Pavlov had conditioned a dog to salivate to a tone, he repeatedly sounded the tone without presenting the food. As a result, _________ occurred.

• stimulus discrimination

• spontaneous recovery

• extinction

• stimulus generalisation

Who taught dogs to salivate when they heard a bell?

• John B. Watson

• B.F. Skinner

• Ivan Pavlov

• Edward L. Thorndike