Earth Science Review 1

Where will ice MOST LIKELY weather Earth's surface features?

• on the ocean floor below icebergs

• on land where much rain falls and temperatures are warm

• on land where little rain falls and temperatures are below freezing

• on land where rain falls and temperatures vary above and below freezing

Which statement describes how deposition builds up the surface of a floodplain?

• Lava flows from a volcano and piles up.

• Rainwater seeps into the ground and freezes.

• A river flows over its banks and slows down.

• A river slows down as it flows into the ocean.

The leaders of a coastal town want to slow the erosion of a nearby beach. Which technology should they research?

• groins

• levees

• storm drains

• beach nourishment

Which processes MOST LIKELY formed this landform? Select TWO processes.

• erosion by water

• deposition by ice

• volcanic eruption

• deposition by wind

• weathering by water

A scientist studies volcanic eruptions. Which observation is the BEST evidence to support the argument that volcanic eruptions are constructive processes?

• Hot gases escape from volcanoes.

• Lava flows out of vocanoes and piles up.

• Plants and animal die during volcanic eruptions.

• The top of a volcano blows off during an eruption.

A state builds a dam across a river. How will the dam MOST LIKELY affect the region?

• I will prevent flooding by blocking high waves.

• It will rebuild an eroded floodplain by trapping sediment.

• It will prevent flooding by controlling the flow of the river.

• It will reduce erosion by providing a place for storm drains to drain into.

The diagram shows a student's observations of changes to landforms by sand particles being moved by wind and dropped. Which argument does the student's evidence support?

• Moraines form because of constructive processes.

• Beaches change shape because of weathering by wind.

• Dunes move because of erosion and deposition by wind.

• Landforms become lower and more rounded because of weathering by wind.

Scientists notice that islands form along a coast where ocean currents slow down. Here sediment settles to the ocean floor. The sediment piles up until it rises above the ocean surface. Which process forms these islands?

• erosion

• deposition

• weathering

• volcanic eruption

Scientists place several seismographs along a mountain chain. Which question will the scientists MOST LIKELY answer with information they collect from the seismographs?

• Where do faults occur?

• How tall are the mountains?

• How can earthquakes be prevented?

• Which parts of the mountains are formed by volcanic eruptions?

Yonah Mountain is in Georgia. How will Earth's destructive processes MOST LIKELY cause Yonah Mountain to change?

• It will become wider.

• It will become higher.

• It will become steeper.

• It will become more rounded.