World History Ch 18

By the end of King Philip II’s reign, Spain had

• become the wealthiest empire in the world.

• successfully invaded England.

• become the most populous empire in the world.

• successfully converted all Protestants.

James I of England believed in the divine right of kings, which is the idea that kings

• a. were equal to God and therefore did not have to live by the laws of the Church.

• were granted the wisdom of God upon assuming the throne and therefore was faultless.

• could know the mind of God and therefore could determine the future through divination.

• received their power from God and were responsible only to God.

Oliver Cromwell’s defeat of the king of England’s forces allowed him to

• restore the French monarchy to the throne.

• take control of England and establish a military dictatorship.

• execute members of Parliament who disagreed with his policies

• return England to Catholicism and establish a pro-Catholic Parliament

The foundation for a constitutional monarchy in England began with the

• Toleration Act of 1489.

• Bill of Rights.

• Glorious Revolution.

• Edict of Nantes.

In the Thirty Years’ War, France fought against both the Holy Roman Empire and Spain in order to

• gain political leadership in Europe

• wireligious freedom for its citizens.

• preserve the divine right of kings.

• purge the Catholic Church of corruption.

What did Peter the Great see as crucial to making Russia a great power

• giving women a larger role in government

• adopting a Western style of dress and etiquette

• using Western technology to modernize the army

• forming military alliances with powerful nations

The mood of Mannerist art reflected the

• relentless search for power

• religious upheavals of the Reformation

• emphasis on individuality and self-expression.

• principles of balance, harmony, and moderation.

William Shakespeare is viewed as a genius because his works

• have endured for many centuries.

• show keen insight into human nature.

• emulate Greek and Roman class

• appeal to only the upper class.

Thomas Hobbes believed that humans were guided by

• reason and intellect.

• religion and personal ethics.

• a desire to avoid conflict

• basic survival instincts.

John Locke’s arguments were used in the eighteenth century to

• support demands for constitutional government.

• restore papal influence within the government.

• justify absolutism and the divine right of kings.

• encourage people to live without government.