Kidney & Nephron

T/F: The nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. 

• True 
• False 

What is the correct order of the steps of function within the nephron? 

• Secretion, Reabsorption, Filtration 
• Filtration, Secretion, Reabsorption 
• Filtration, Reabsorption, Secretion 
• Secretion, Filtration, Reabsorption

Which blood vessel carries "dirty" blood? 

• Renal artery 
• Renal vein 

How does the glomerulus filter blood into the Bowman's capsule? 

• High pressure 
• Concentration Gradient 
• Active transport 
• Passive transport 

What blood vessel surrounds the nephron tubule and allows for the exchange of substances between the filtrate of the tubule and the blood of the circulatory system? 

• Peritubular capillaries 
• Efferent arteriole 
• Afferent arteriole 
• Renal artery

Which of the following enters into the Bowman's capsule, while the rest are left behind in the capillaries? 

• White blood cells 
• Red blood cells 
• Platelets 
• Plasma

Which portion of the nephron active pumps out Na+, with Cl- passively following, to create a salty medulla? 

• Proximal convoluted tubule 
• Ascending loop of Henle 
• Distal convoluted tubule 
• Both proximal convoluted tubule and ascending loop of Henle 

In which portion of the nephron are substances like drug metabolites and waste secreted into filtrate? 

• Bowman's capsule 
• Proximal convoluted tubule 
• Loop of Henle 
• Distal convoluted tubule 

In the collecting duct, what is reabsorbed? 

• Ions like Na+ and Cl-
• Nutrients like glucose and amino acids 
• Substances like drug metabolites and waste 
• Water 

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Which statement best explains the flow of materials out of the nephron? 

• The active transport of Na+ (and thus Cl-) creates salt, which pulls water using a concentration gradient in an attempt to create equilibrium 
• The high pressure from the renal artery creates a force that pushes water through permeable areas, which creates an equilibrium in pressure 
• There is no explanation. The kidneys work randomly and it is amazing that they function correctly. 
• Water is actively transported out of the nephron and the nephron compensates by actively pushing out ions in an attempt to balance the charges

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3