USH Chapter 13-14: The Cold War Begins & Post War America

Among the major causes of the Cold War were arguments between the United States and the Soviet Union over war reparations and

• the use of the atomic bomb

• economic policies in Germany

• immigration to the United States

• control of Japan

What was the purpose of the Yalta Conference?

• to make postwar decisions about how to handle various German holdings

• to accept peace terms from Germany and Japan

• to plan an Allied invasion of the Soviet Union

• to force Stalin to keep his postwar promises

At the Potsdam Conference in July 1945, President Harry Truman took a firm stand against heavy reparations and insisted that

• the United States had a right to use the atomic bomb.

• the Soviets’ concerns about security were unreasonable.

• Germany’s industry had to be allowed to recover.

• Europe’s economy had to be rebuilt.

Why was the United Nations (UN) created?

• to replace the League of Nations and include the U.S.

• to investigate the finances of German businesses

• to try Nazi war criminals

• to mediate disputes with the USSR and capitalist nations

In 1946 what did Winston Churchill describe as an “iron curtain” falling across Eastern Europe?

• the establishment of pro-Soviet Communist governments in Eastern Europe

• the industrialization of Eastern European nations under the Marshall Plan

• the formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

• the adoption of the Declaration of Liberated Europe

The presence of the Soviet army in Eastern Europe at the end of World War II ensured that___________________ would be established in Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia.

• a system for free elections

• a system for reparations

• pro-Soviet Communist governments

• heavily industrialized economies

What became the U.S. policy towards communism after World War II?

• negotiation

• acceptance

• containment

• agression

In response to Communist aggression in Greece and Turkey, President Truman outlined a policy known as the ___________________, which pledged the United States to fight the spread of communism worldwide.

• Marshall Plan

• NATO

• Truman Doctrine

• Berlin Airlift

The purpose of the Marshall Plan was to

• punish Germany for its role in both world wars

• help keep Communist countries week

• to help Western Europe recover from WWII

• help Germany form a new government

What prompted the Berlin Airlift?

• The Soviets refused to allow a democratic government in West Berlin.

• The Soviets took over the western half of Germany and cut off food supplies.

• The Soviets invaded western Germany to take control.

• The Soviets cut off all traffic in or out of West Berlin.