Evolution

The study of the early stages of development that is one evidence of evolution is:

• Homologous Structures
• Embryology
• Vestigial Organs

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The opossum and kangaroo both incubate their young in a pouch. This provides evidence that they---

• are descended from a common ancestor
• Have very similar skeletal structures
• belong to the same species
• must range great distances to eat

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The white feathers of a snowy owl allow it to blend in with its environment during the winter months (snow). This is an example of ________________

• Species
• Environmental Change
• Adaptation
• Variation

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The table shows the survival rate of two types of beetles in the same environment over a period of three years.  

Which statement about the beetles in this environment is best supported by the data?

• Brown beetles have a shorter life cycle than green beetles have
• Green beetles are more fit for their environment than brown beetles
•  brown beetles are undergo more unfavorable mutations than green beetles

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The similarities of the bones in the diagram provide evidence that---

• The organisms shown lived in the same natural envionrment
• The organisms shown may have developed from a common ancestor
• The organisms shown have the same genetic diseases
• All vertebrate species have identical forelimbs

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The green frog (Lithobates clamitans clamitans) is found in many parts of the United States. The table contains some information about this frog.
Why does the ability to lay 1,000 to 5,000 eggs increase the fitness of the species L. clamitans clamitans?

• A.  It increases the probability that some offspring will survive long enough to reproduce.
• It increases the chance of the recombination of alleles, leading to genetic drift in the population.
• A.  It increases opportunities for offspring to compete for limited resources.

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Certain insects resemble (look like) the bark of the trees on which they live. Which statement provides the best explanation  for this resemblance? (Peppered Moths)

• The trees caused mutations in the insects
• Natural selection played a role in this protective coloration
• The insect camouflage so they developed this coloration

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Darwin wrote that organisms with traits that are best suited to the environment will ________________

• increase in number
  
• become extinct
  

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Which term refers to the process by which individuals that are better suited to the environment survive and reproduce therefore passing down their genes to their offspring? 

• Evolution 
• Variation 
• Adaptation
• Natural Selection 

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A well-tested concept that explains a wide range of observations is called a(an):

• hypothesis
• experiment
• cause and effect
• scientific theory