U11: 542-548 / 554-556

Which of the following would provide the strongest evidence that intelligence is highly heritable?

• The IQ scores of parents are positively correlated with the scores of their children.

• Monozygotic twins separated at birth have very similar IQ scores.

• Dizygotic twins score more similarly on IQ tests than do other siblings.

• Adoption enhances intelligence scores of previously neglected children.

The fact that identical twins' IQ scores are so similar even when they are raised apart suggests

• intelligence is strongly genetic

• intelligence has a strong environmental component

• identical twins attend better schools than fraternal twins

• adopted parents have a positive effect on intelligence

An IQ score below 70 indicates

• giftedness

• intellectual disability

• heritability

• savant syndrome

In which of the following pairs would you expect to find the greatest similarity in IQ?

• fraternal twins

• identical twins

• nontwin siblings

• parent and child

Evidence indicating that upbringing affects one's mental ability is provided by which of the following findings?

• Identical twins are more similar in IQ than fraternal twins.

• There is more than a chance similarity between adopted children and their biological parents

• Siblings reared together are more similar in IQ than siblings reared apart.

• Identical twins reared apart are more similar in IQ than siblings reared together.

A condition involving intellectual disability caused by an extra chromosome in one's genetic makeup is known as

• the Flynn effect

• Down syndrome

• savant syndrome

• stereotype threat

The fact that the correlation in IQ scores between identical twins reared apart is lower than that between identical twins reared together suggests that

• genetic factors have no impact on intellectual development

• only genetic factors have an influence on intellectual development

• environmental factors can have an influence on intellectual development

• environmental factors have no impact on intellectual development

• identical twins often do not have the same genotype

Black students have been found to score lower on tests of verbal aptitude when tested by White test administrators than when tested by Black test administrators. This best illustrates the impact of

• stereotype threat

• emotional intelligence

• standardization

• the Flynn effect

• test bias