The Three Chinese Philosophies

In the later years of the Zhou Dynasty, what condition in China led to new philosophies?

• wealth

• disorder

• feudalism

• democracy

According to belief in the Mandate of Heaven, earthquakes and floods might be signs that:

• The king did not govern well

• The end of the world was near

• The people did not obey the laws

• The natural world ignored humans

Which group belongs in the shaded area of the diagram?

• lords

• soldiers

• farmers

• servants

Which of these would Confucius have valued most highly?

• riches

• respect

• freedom

• creativity

Which phrase below best completes the following quotation?

“I am a follower of Confucius. I am the oldest of three children in my family. My younger sister and brother have to obey me. In return, I . . .”

• "may do whatever I want."

• "can punish them harshly."

• "must set a good example."

• "have to grant their wishes."

If you were a laborer, what would Confucius say that you should do?

• plan to rise to a higher status

• behave properly for your role

• try to outwit those around you

• relax and stop working so hard

Daoists taught that people could gain happiness by

• reading the ancient texts

• serving in government jobs

• living in harmony with nature

• working hard to become wealthy

In a chart titled “Yin and Yang”, pleasure would be paired with:

• pain

• reward

• afterlife

• enjoyment

What was the Legalist view of human nature?

• people are basically selfish

• people are naturally curious

• people are motivated by love

• people want to do what is right

Hanfeizi, whose teachings were the basis for Legalism, wrote that rulers should emphasize

• honesty and trust

• scholarship and ideas

• trade and manufacturing

• rewards and punishments