Cells ISTEP Review

In humans, white blood cells have a phagocytic form, macrophages. Macrophages engulf and help destroy bacteria and viruses that invade the human body. Macrophages digest the invading bacteria and viruses with the digestive enzymes found in cellular organelles called

• isosomes.
• lysosomes.
• peroxisomes.
• ribosomes.

Which of these organic molecules functions to help speed up biological chemical reactions?

• lipids
• proteins
• nucleic acids
• carbohydrates

Proteins are composed of chains of _____________ which are joined together with peptide bonds.

• fatty acids
• amino acids
• nucleic acids
• monosaccharides

This part of the cell stores wastes, water or food.

• lysosome
• mitochondria
• ribosome
• vacuole

Which base is found in RNA but NOT in DNA?

• Adenine
• Cytosine
• Thymine
• Uracil

Based on physical features, this cell is most likely a(n) ____________ cell.

• eukaryotic plant

• eukaryotic animal

• prokaryotic fungus

• prokaryotic bacterial

The digestion of pizza, the light reactions in photosynthesis, and the removal of a stain by laundry detergent all require _______________, which are biological proteins that lower the activation energy for chemical reactions.

• enzymes
• antibiotics
• phospholipids
• monosaccharides

Which type of cell contains DNA enclosed in a nucleus?

• centriole
• eukaryote
• plasmid
• prokaryote

In some cells, bundles of _____________ form hairlike projections called cilia and flagella that enable cells to move rapidly through liquids.

• centrosomes
• microfilaments
• microtubules
• ribosomes

Breads and other whole grain foods are composed of very large polysaccharide molecules which contain hydrogen, oxygen, and which other element?

• carbon

• iron

• nitrogen

• water