Science Review Pt. 2

Which of the following statements describes how these organisms are an example of the cell theory?

• The organisms have cells that lack a nucleus.

• The organisms are made of one or more cells.

• The cells of the organisms undergo photosynthesis.

• The cells of the organisms are identical to each other

Plant cells are different from animal cells. The diagram below identifies four different structures in a plant cell. Compared to the structures in an animal cell, which of the following structures is found only in a plant cell?

• mitochondrion

• cell wall

• cytoplasm

• nucleus

In order to maintain homeostasis, the systems of the human body work together to keep a constant internal temperature. Which of the following best describes how the human body responds in a cold environment?

• The digestive system produces more hormones to warm the body.

• The nervous system signals the muscles of the muscular system to contract and warm the body.

• The circulatory system delivers less carbon dioxide to the muscular system, resulting in stiffening of the muscles.

• The skeletal system produces more blood cells that circulate through the blood vessels, increasing the warmth of the body.

Mushrooms, bread molds, and yeasts are classified together in the fungi kingdom. Specific characteristics are used to classify these organisms. Which of the following is a characteristic used to classify these organisms as fungi?

• They are parasites

• They are unicellular.

• They are prokaryotes.

• They are heterotrophs.

A certain reptile species is a herbivore and exists only on an isolated island. Which of the following would most likely result in the extinction of the reptile species over a period of twenty thousand years?

• The reptile species produces many offspring with many unique traits, and the vegetation remains constant.

• The reptile species produces few offspring with some unique traits, and the vegetation remains constant.

• The reptile species produces few offspring with no unique traits, and the vegetation changes quickly.

• The reptile species produces many offspring with some unique traits, and the vegetation changes slowly.

The gene for curled ears (C) is dominant over the gene for straight ears (c). The picture shows a cat with curled ears (Cc) and a cat with straight ears (cc). What percent of the offspring are expected to have curled ears as a result of a cross between the cats shown?

• 25

• 50

• 75

• 100

The oysters do not harm the trees nor do they provide any benefit to the trees. Which of the following relationships is most similar to the relationship between the mangrove trees and the oysters?

• African ants living in acacia trees feed on leaf-eating insects found on the tree.

• Spider crabs are camouflaged by the green-brown algae growing on their shells.

• A whale is unaffected by the attached remora fish feeding on the whale’s leftover food.

• Bees fly from one flowering plant to another gathering nectar and pollinating the flowers.

Each arrow represents a process in the cycle. Which of the following best describes the process that occurs at arrow X?

• Bacteria break down molecules in animals into carbon-based soil nutrients.

• Animals release oxygen that is used by bacteria to produce carbon dioxide.

• Animals release carbon dioxide that is used by bacteria for growth and reproduction.

• Bacteria combine carbon-based nutrients from plants and animals to produce glucose.

Any of two or more alternate forms of a gene that an organism may have for a particular trait.

• allele

• heredity

• homozygous

• heterozygous

A unit used to measure distances in the Solar System equal to the average distance between the Sun and Earth, approximately 150 million kilometers.

• feet

• miles

• light years

• astronomical unit