Two students are standing next to each other on a level field. One of the students throws a tennis ball forward toward a line that is 2.0 meters (m) away. At the same time, the second student throws a bowling ball in the same direction. Both balls take the same time to travel the 2.0 m. When both balls are thrown, only the student that throws the bowling ball feels a noticeable push backwards. Which of the following statements best explains why only the second student feels a noticeable push backwards?

The bowling ball exerts a much larger reaction force due to its larger mass.

The bowling ball undergoes a much larger acceleration due to its larger mass.

The bowling ball converts more inertia into kinetic energy due to its larger mass.

The bowling ball requires more force to overcome gravity due to its larger mass.

The rainforest is hot, humid, and has frequent rainfall. In what way do the atmosphere and the hydrosphere contribute to this type of climate?

The Sun supplies energy for the evaporation and transpiration of water, causing frequent rainfall and hot, humid temperatures.

The hydrosphere sends water to the clouds through the process of transpiration, fueling the water cycle.

The Sun’s rays are trapped by the atmosphere, keeping temperatures and humidity high for most of the year.

The rainforest is in close proximity to the equator, allowing the hydrosphere to release frequent rainfall, fueling the water cycle.

The gravitational force would decrease.

The gravitational force would increase.

The gravitational force would be unchanged.

The gravitational force would cause higher tides.

A student is investigating potential and kinetic energy by stretching a spring across a table. When the student lets go, the spring recoils. At which time is potential energy in the spring being converted into kinetic energy in this system?

when the spring is fully recoiled

when the spring is fully stretched

What is the difference between an infection caused by a virus and an infection caused by a bacterium?

Viral infections are treated for symptoms while most bacterial infections can be cured.

Viral infections are obtained from the environment while most bacterial infections are genetic.

Viral infections can be cured while most bacterial infections have to be fought off by the body.

Viral infections cause symptoms like coughing and sneezing while bacterial infections have symptoms like fevers and chills.

The following picture is of a sandbar near the Florida Gulf coastline. Sandbar The sandbar occurred as a result of running water, wind, and waves. Waves picked up the sand from the beach and deposited it in the water. How is the formation of a sandbar different from the changes to a beach caused by wind erosion?

Sandbars are built up surfaces and erosion removes the surface of the beach.

Sandbars develop only in fresh water and erosion happens near salt water.

Sandbars make beaches safer and erosion makes beaches more dangerous.

Sandbars cause organisms to lose their habitats and erosion creates new habitats.

Students place soil from the playground on a stream table. They sprinkle water on the upper end and observe the result. The students repeat the same process using soil from other places. Stream Table To Water Supply Drain to Sink Which question are the students trying to test?

Does soil type affect soil erosion?

Does stream table slope affect soil erosion?

Does stream table length affect soil erosion?

Does the volume of water affect soil erosion?

Earth is divided into five different spheres. Which statement is true about the interaction between two of these spheres?

A plant receiving water from precipitation is an interaction between the biosphere and the hydrosphere.

Weather is an interaction between the hydrosphere and the geosphere.

An ice cap providing shelter for an arctic animal is an interaction between the biosphere and the hydrosphere.

The formation of the Grand Canyon is an example of an interaction between the geosphere and the atmosphere.

The evolutionary tree of echinoderms is shown in the diagram. Relatedness of Echinoderms Based on the diagram, which pair of organisms is most closely related?

The Sea Cucumber and the Sea Urchin because they share a recent common ancestor.

The Brittle Star and the Feather Star because they have the same shape.

The Sea Urchin and Sea Star because they both live in the same environment.

The Sea Star and the Sea Cucumber because they have more genetic similarities.

Three groups of students were testing to see how much weight a cardboard bridge could hold before it collapsed. Each group followed the same procedure. What is a scientific advantage of the groups following the same procedure?

The groups can compile and compare their results.

The groups can copy results from each other.

The groups can select the set of results that they like the best.

The groups can work together to obtain the results more easily.

Which of these is NOT a function of Earth’s atmosphere?

allowing water to evaporate into space

insulating the planet to keep it warm

protecting Earth from harmful radiation

storing oxygen for living things to breathe

Different cell organelles perform different functions. Which type of cells would most likely have the largest number of mitochondria?

muscle cells in the leg muscles of a runner

red blood cells that transport oxygen

nerve cells that transmit signals to the brain stem

cells in the stomach lining that make digestive enzymes

The polar jet stream changes location depending on the season. It affects the weather conditions of the central part of the United States during the winter. During the summer the area becomes warmer. Which statement is true about how the polar jet stream causes this temperature increase?

The polar jet stream has moved north, causing cold air to move north into the northern United States.

The polar jet stream has moved south, allowing cold air to move into the central United States.

The polar jet stream has moved north, causing warm air to move south into the central United States.

The polar jet stream has moved south, causing warm air to move north into the northern United States.

The following graph shows the growth of the human population. During the span of time between 1930 and 1980, there was an increase in medical technology that allowed for the development of vaccines. How could the development of vaccines account for the growth of the human population?

The active immune response produced by the vaccine allows the body to form antibodies for diseases that might previously have killed humans.

The passive immune response produced by the vaccine allows the body to form antibodies for diseases that might previously have killed humans.

The active immune response produced by the vaccine allows the body to form pathogens for diseases that might previously have killed humans.

The passive immune response produced by the vaccine allows the body to form pathogens for diseases that might previously have killed humans.

The following table lists several of Earth’s surface features. Surface Features Which statement describes the relationships among the surface features in column A and column B?

The surface features in column A are formed by destructive forces while the surface features in column B are formed by constructive forces.

The surface features in column A are formed by weathering while the surface features in column B are formed by wind.

The surface features in column A are formed by water while the surface features in column B are formed by deposition.

The surface features in column A are formed by short-term processes while the surface features in column B are formed by long-term processes.

The geocentric theory was a well-supported claim in the sixteenth century that explained that Earth was the center of the Solar System. As scientists of the time made observations of the planets in the sky and their motions, the heliocentric theory, a theory that states that the Sun is the center of the Solar System, became a model in which an explanation for the motion of the planets could be better predicted. Which of the following best describes the heliocentric theory?

It is a well-supported and widely accepted explanation of events of nature.

It completely supported the geocentric theory.

It proved that the Sun is the center of the universe.

It is a theory that was based on one well-established scientific law.

Students are using the Linnaean system to classify forms of transportation at their school. They divide them into two large groups - forms with wheels and forms with feet. The students then divide the wheel group into two more groups - forms with engines and forms with no engines. The students continue to create groups that are more specific until they find the most specific level for each mode of transportation. Which of the following is the most similar to the step in the process when they divided the wheel group into the group with engines and the group without engines?

placing organisms from a domain into their appropriate kingdoms

placing organisms from a class into their appropriate orders

placing organisms from a class into their appropriate phylums

placing organisms from a genus into their appropriate species

The air in the atmosphere is a poor conductor of energy. Which of the following incorrectly describes how the atmosphere is affected by conduction?

Air molecules in the atmosphere are heated which causes the atmosphere to vibrate.

Most of the energy transfer by conduction occurs right at Earth’s surface.

At night, the ground cools and conducts heat away from the air close to the ground.

During the day, solar radiation heats the ground, which heats the air close to the ground.

What is the relationship between organ systems and organs?

organ systems are made from different types of organs

organs are made from one type of organ system

organ systems are made from one type of organ

organs are made from different types of organ systems

A heavy box is at rest on an inclined plane. The box begins to slide down the inclined plane when a small force is applied to the box. The force is removed as soon as the box begins to slide. The speed of the box increases as the box slides down the inclined plane. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this increase in speed?

The force of friction on the box is greater when the box is not moving than when the box is moving.

A heavy box is at rest on an inclined plane. The box begins to slide down the inclined plane when a small force is applied to the box. The force is removed as soon as the box begins to slide. The speed of the box increases as the box slides down the inclined plane. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this increase in speed?

The force of friction on the box is less when the box is not moving than when the box is moving.

The force of gravity on the box is greater when the box is not moving than when the box is moving.

The Sun heats the atmosphere of Earth unevenly. Which of the following statements is the most likely result of this uneven heating?

Convection in the atmosphere causes a change in air density, resulting in winds.

Conduction through the atmosphere causes evaporation to occur over oceans, resulting in rain.

Radiation from the Sun reflects through the atmosphere back into space resulting in cooler evenings.

Radiation from the Sun causes atmospheric moisture to collect over mountain ranges resulting in snowfall.

In the six-kingdom classification system, which kingdom or kingdoms contain unicellular organisms?

Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, and Fungi

Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, and Animalia

Glaciers are frozen, slow-moving rivers of ice that can move about one meter per day down mountain valleys. How does the movement of glaciers help create new soil?

by scraping small particles from larger rocks

by dissolving rocks along its path down the valley

by carrying living plant material farther down the mountain

by freezing small particles of soil together to form large rocks

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck proposed the theory of inheritance by acquired characteristics, which states that species' traits change because of use and disuse. Charles Darwin later modified Lamarck's ideas about how species change with his theory of evolution by natural selection. What did the theories on how species change over time demonstrate about scientific knowledge?

New evidence can change scientific knowledge.

Older theories are always incorrect.

Scientific knowledge does not need to be supported.

All theories are eventually replaced with different interpretations.

As more is learned about a species, its classification may change. Which of the following would most likely change the current classification of two closely related flower species to a single species?

an analysis of the DNA sequence of each species of flower

the discovery of a new, related species

a comparison of seed dispersal from each species

an examination of the pigments present in each flower’s leaves

The diagram below shows the layers of Earth’s atmosphere. Which layer of the atmosphere is correctly paired with its characteristics?

The stratosphere is the layer of the atmosphere that contains ozone that protects living things from ultraviolet radiation.

The troposphere is the layer of the atmosphere that contains the ionosphere where weather occurs.

The mesosphere is the layer of the atmosphere in which thin, feathery clouds of ice form due to its cold temperatures.

The thermosphere is the layer of the atmosphere that has no definite outer limit and protects the surface from being hit by meteoroids.

How do nutrients absorbed by the small intestine in the digestive system travel to the individual cells of the human body?

The nutrients are absorbed from the small intestine into the blood and move through the circulatory system to the body cells.

The nutrients move from the small intestine directly to the liver and then move through the excretory system to the body cells.

The small intestine forces the nutrients into the kidneys, where the nutrients are then dissolved in fluids within the lymphatic system to the body cells.

The body cells send nerve impulses through the nervous system indicating a lack of nutrients to the small intestine, and the small intestine sends the nutrients back to the cells.

Which of the following correctly describes the surface air movements within a low-pressure system in the Northern Hemisphere?

counterclockwise toward the center of the low-pressure system

clockwise towards the center of the low-pressure system

clockwise away from the center of the low-pressure system

counterclockwise away from the center of a low-pressure system

Plants and fungi are classified into different kingdoms. What is the main reason that fungi are NOT classified with green plants?

Fungi lack cellulose in their cell walls.

Fungi do not synthesize proteins.

Fungi are unicellular and plants are multicellular.

Fungi are heterotrophs that are unable to produce their own food.

A soccer ball rolls very slowly toward a soccer player. Kicking a Ball Current direction of the ball What will happen if the player kicks the ball as hard as she can?

The ball will change direction and increase in speed.

The ball will change direction and decrease in speed.

The ball will travel in the same direction and increase in speed.

The ball will travel in the same direction and decrease in speed.

A vacuole is a membrane-bound sac that plays a role in the storage and the release of cellular products. How do the vacuoles in animal cells differ from vacuoles in a plant cell?

Plant cell vacuoles are usually larger because they also provide structural support for the plant tissues.

Plant cell vacuoles are usually smaller because plants can make their own food.

Animal cell vacuoles are usually larger because they have to store a lot of glucose from the food they eat for later use.

Three research groups are exploring the growth patterns of bean plants. Each group uses seeds from the same species of bean and applies the same amounts of water, light, and fertilizer. Which of these will be the most likely result?

All three groups will obtain similar results since they are studying the same plants.

All three groups will obtain different results since they are using different methods.

The individual data points will vary between the groups since they are using different methods.

The individual data points will be the same for each group because they are studying the same plants.

What process is most responsible for the depth of the canyon?

A. Flowing water weathered and eroded the rock layers over many years.

A. A large flood physically eroded the rock layers.

A. Strong winds chemically weathered the rock layers over time.

A. Large amounts of wind and rainfall from heavy storms physically eroded the rock layers over time.

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MS-ESS2-2, MS-ESS2-6, MS-ESS2-4

+20

Standards-aligned

James Horvath

Used 79+ times

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45 questions

Show all answers

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

An engineering student is gathering data on the motion of a model car traveling down a ramp. If energy is conserved, the potential energy of the car at the top of the ramp should equal the kinetic energy at the bottom of the ramp. After the first trial, the student calculates that the kinetic energy at the bottom of the ramp is less than the potential energy at the top of the ramp. Which of the following best explains this difference?

The student did not include the effect of friction in his calculation.

The student accidently accelerated the car at the top of the ramp.

The measured height of the ramp was less than the actual height.

The car gained a small amount of mass at it moved down the ramp.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

As a person exercises, the carbon dioxide level in the blood increases. Which of the following systems are signaled by the nervous system to respond to this increase in carbon dioxide?

digestive and immune systems

immune and respiratory systems

circulatory and excretory systems

respiratory and circulatory systems

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

Which of the following statements is true when comparing societal laws to scientific laws?

Scientific laws are valid all over the world, while societal laws differ from region to region.

Both scientific laws and societal laws are accepted after qualified professionals vote on them.

Both scientific laws and societal laws are accompanied by severe legal consequences for breaking them.

Societal laws are based on numerous experiments, while scientific laws are accepted only by the votes of well-known scientists.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

Two oppositely charged objects are separated by a small distance. The objects are then moved three times farther apart from each other. Which of the following statements best describes what happens to the electrical force between the objects?

The force of attraction increases.

The force of attraction decreases.

The force of attraction stays the same.

The force of attraction becomes a force of repulsion.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

Much of the Florida landscape is built upon limestone. Frequent rains seep down and erode the limestone as the rainwater travels to underground caverns or aquifers. Which of the following landforms could be created as a result of this process?

A delta would form as the limestone sediment is carried by aquifers.

A swamp would be created as the rain water combines with the water in the aquifer.

Sinkholes would form as a result of the collapse of the surface layer in an underground cavern.

Stalagmites would be created as the water dripped down from the cavern ceiling and formed a mound.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

Why is a cell membrane important to both plant and animal cells?

It stores food and water.

It controls the activities of the cell.

It uses energy from the Sun to perform photosynthesis.

It provides a barrier between the cell and its environment.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

Local winds along the coastal region areas create alternating land breezes and sea breezes during the course of a day. This is a repeating pattern that happens daily worldwide, but only along shorelines. This table shows possible explanations for the breezes.

Explanation 1

Explanation 2

Explanation 3

Explanation 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

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