As food travels through the digestive system, it is exposed to a variety of pH levels. The stomach has a pH of 2 due to the presence of hydrochloride acid (HCl), and the small intestine has a pH ranging from 7 to 9. HCl converts pepsinogen into pepsin, an enzyme that digests proteins in the stomach. Which of the following most likely happens to pepsin as it enters the small intestine?

It becomes denatured and inactive.

It's shape changes to engulf large proteins.

It's activity increases to digest more proteins.

What will most likely happen if an appropriate enzyme is added to a chemical reaction?

The reaction rate will increase.

The equilibrium of the reaction will be maintained.

The reaction rate will decrease.

Without enzymes, many biological processes would occur too slowly for life to be possible. The graph below shows the activity of two enzymes at various pH values. What does the graph indicate about enzymes?

Each enzyme functions best within a limited pH range.

A pH close to 7 is optimal for most enzymes.

The pH of a solution has little effect on the activity of an enzyme.

The activity of an enzyme increases as the pH of a solution increases.

Enzymes are important biological molecules that affect the way reactions occur. The graph below shows how a reaction proceeds with and without an enzyme. Which of the following best describes the difference between the two reactions?

Reaction with enzyme uses less energy

Reaction with enzyme uses more energy

Reaction without enzyme uses less energy

Tomatoes left on a countertop will ripen much faster than similar tomatoes placed in a refrigerator. Which of the following best explains the difference in ripening times?

Lower temperatures reduce the reaction rate of ripening enzymes.

Humidity causes the tomatoes to decompose faster.

Sunlight breaks down the tomato’s skin and exposes it to air.

Other foods in the refrigerator release hormones that stop ripening bacteria.

The diagram below shows the relationship between substrate concentration and reaction rate (how fast the reaction goes). Based on the graph, which of the following accurately describes how substrate concentration changes the reaction rate.

Low substrate concentration has a faster reaction rate

Substrate concentration does not change reaction rate

High substrate concentration has a faster reaction rate

High substrate concentration has a slower reaction rate

Enzymes are capable of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction within a living cell. Enzymes accomplish this through which of the following means?

reducing the number of products

increasing the temperature of the cell

increasing the concentration of reactants

A florist places a bouquet of white carnations in water containing blue dye. After a time, the flowers turn blue. What are the properties of water that help water travel through the stem of plants?

cohesion and adhesion of water molecules

water’s ability to form crystals

ability of H2O to dissolve NaCl

formation of covalent bonds between hydrogen and oxygen molecules

Water makes up between 70-90% of the weight of most life forms, and nearly all chemicals present in living matter are soluble in it allowing for life to exist. Why is water such a good solvent?

The molecular structure of water molecule is polar.

The molecular structure of water is covalent.

The molecular structure of water is adhesive.

The molecular structure of water allows it to expand when frozen.

Some fish are able to live in lakes during extremely cold winter months. Which statement describes the characteristic of water that plays an important role in allowing fish to live in these cold water lakes?

Water has the ability to moderate temperature.

Water is a versatile solvent, and the temperature is regulated by substances dissolved in the fresh water.

Water forms hydrogen bonds with other water molecules at the surface of the water.

Water freezes and decreases the temperature of the water in the lake.

Why does ice stay at the top of oceans instead of sinking to the bottom?

Ice is less dense than liquid water.

Ice is colder than liquid water.

Ice is more dense than liquid water.

Ice is warmer than liquid water.

Macromolecules, enzymes and properties of water

Authored by Tyler Crandall

Biology

9th - 12th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 512+ times

Macromolecules, enzymes and properties of water

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

_________ are composed out of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P)

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Nucleic Acids

DNA and RNA are examples of

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Nucleic Acids

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Glycerol and fatty acids are the monomers of

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Nucleic Acids

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

Which macromolecule is shown?
View Figure 1 (if not visible)

lipid

protein

nucleic acid

carbohydrate

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

Which macromolecule is shown?
View Figure 2 (if not visible)

lipid

protein

nucleic acid

carbohydrate

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

Which macromolecule is shown?
View Figure 3 (if not visible)

lipid

protein

nucleic acid

carbohydrate

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

What type of macromolecule are enzymes?

Protein

Carbohydrate

Lipid

Nucleic Acid

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Macromolecules, enzymes and properties of water

_________ are composed out of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P)

DNA and RNA are examples of

Glycerol and fatty acids are the monomers of

Which macromolecule is shown? View Figure 1 (if not visible)

Which macromolecule is shown? View Figure 2 (if not visible)

Which macromolecule is shown? View Figure 3 (if not visible)

What type of macromolecule are enzymes?

Which macromolecule stores energy, insulates us, and makes up the cell membrane?

What will most likely happen if an appropriate enzyme is added to a chemical reaction?

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Which macromolecule is shown?
View Figure 1 (if not visible)

Which macromolecule is shown?
View Figure 2 (if not visible)

Which macromolecule is shown?
View Figure 3 (if not visible)