Cell Structure and Function STAAR Review

Which of these is the best model of a prokaryotic cell?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

Loriciferans are microscopic multicellular animals that live in various marine sediments. Scientists have discovered genera of Loriciferans in a deep-sea habitat that lacks oxygen. Before this discovery, some prokaryotes and some unicellular eukaryotes were known to inhabit anaerobic environments. Among the newly discovered Loriciferans is Spinoloricus sp. nov., which is pictured below. Scientists determined that organisms of the genus Spinoloricus were eukaryotes and not prokaryotes because Spinoloricus cells have –

• flagella

• hereditary material

• cell walls

• nuclear membranes

Melinda had two slides of unknown cells. She recorded her observations of each one on the chart below. According to the information in the given chart, what type of cell is cell X?

• bacteria cell

• prokaryotic cell

• plant cell

• animal cell

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

The simplicity of prokaryotic cells prevents them from

• growing and reproducing.
• responding to their environment.
• forming specialized tissues and organs.
• moving through their environment.

Which of these is a function of the cell membrane in all cells?

• Producing cellular nutrients
• Maintaining homeostasis
• Neutralizing chemicals
• Preserving cellular wastes

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

A student put together the experimental setup shown below. The selectively permeable membrane is permeable to both types of solute molecules shown. How would you expect the molecules to change over time in the diagram?

• Both types of molecules will move to reach equilibrium.

• All of Molecule D will move to side B.

• All of Molecule C will move to side B.

• There will be no change over time.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

The diagram given shows animal and plant cells placed in 3 different types of solutions. What type of solution is represented by diagram C ?

• Isotonic

• Hypertonic

• Hypotonic

• Hydrotonic

A student placed 2 eggs in vinegar to dissolve the egg shells. In order to investigate osmosis, he then placed the equal-sized eggs in the solutions listed in the table. What can you conclude about the solutions from the change in mass of the eggs?

• Corn syrup is a hypotonic solution and distilled water is a hypertonic solution.

• Corn syrup is a hypertonic solution and distilled water is a hypotonic solution.

• Corn syrup is a hypertonic solution and distilled water is an isotonic solution.

• Both corn syrup and distilled water are isotonic solutions.

The image below represents a cell with a semipermeable membrane. The process of osmosis would explain the net movement of water into a cell if the initial percentage of –

• protein was 35% inside the cell and 30% outside the cell.

• water was 95% inside the cell and 90% outside the cell.

• water was 90% inside the cell and 95% outside the cell.

• protein was 30% inside the cell and 35% outside the cell.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

The diagram below shows how a paramecium maintains homeostasis. A paramecium normally lives in a hypotonic environment in which water continually diffuses into the cell. To maintain homeostasis, the paramecium must pump out large amounts of water using its contractile vacuole. If the paramecium is placed in this hypotonic environment, which of the following will occur?

• Water will diffuse into the paramecium.

• Water will diffuse out of the paramecium.

• Salt will be pumped out of the paramecium by the vacuole.

• Salt will be pumped into the paramecium by the vacuole.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3