ORIGINS AND PURPOSES OF LAW AND GOVERNMENT

The Articles of Confederation was replaced by which plan of government?

• The English Bill of Rights
• The Magna Carta
• The U.S. Constitution
• The Declaration of Independence

"A representation of the people in one assembly being obtained, a question arises, whether all the powers of government, legislature, executive, and judicial, shall be left in this body? I think a people cannot be long free, nor ever happy, whose government is in one assembly." Which basic idea of American government is being addressed?

• civic virtue
• natural laws
• individual rights
• separation of powers

Which of the following was designed to ensure that the President would not gain dictatorial powers over the government?

• The system of checks and balances
• The elastic clause
• The electoral college
• The cabinet system

Which constitutional principle is being described: Legislative Branch makes laws: Article I Congress; Executive Branch enforces laws: Article II President; Judicial Branch applies laws and settles disputes: Article III Supreme Court

• federalism
• popular sovereignty
• checks and balances
• separation of powers

Here are several powers of the U.S. government: Senate confirms nominations and Congress overrides veto; President nominates judges and President vetoes legislation; Supreme Court declares laws unconstitutional and Supreme Court hears case between states. Which 2 principles are being described? 

• federalism and republicanism
• federalism and judicial review
• separation of powers and popular sovereignty
• separation of powers and checks and balances

Why were the Bill of Rights added to the U.S. Constitution?

• Both Federalists and Anti-Federalists believed in the necessity of a bill of rights.
• Federalists would not support the U.S. Constitution without a list of rights being added.
• Federalists convinced the Anti-Federalists that it would be easier to ratify with a bill of rights.
• Anti-Federalists would not support the U.S. Constitution without a list of rights being added.

"When legislative and executive powers are united in the same person, or in the same body...there can be no liberty..." This statement, made by Montesquieu, demonstrates which guiding principle of the U.S. Constitution?

• federalism
• separation of powers
• rule of law
• individual rights

Which idea in the Declaration of Independence did John Locke inspire?

• right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
• right to a speedy trial with a jury of one's peers
• Separation of Powers
• Freedom of Speech

Which Enlightenment idea would John Locke support

• Powers come from the consent of the governed
• Leaders can deny certain rights of the people
• Equality among men can never be achieved
• People cannot abolish the government

What was a major weakness of the Articles of Confederation?

• Bankers had too much power over the economy
• The states had no power to govern themselves
• Farmers had too much power over legislation
• Congress had no power to tax the states