AP Biology Cell Communication Review

Plant cells have ___ for cell to cell communication.

• gap junctions
• plasmodesmata
• desmosomes
• tight junctions

Which is not a part of a signal transduction pathway?

• response

• transcription

• transduction

• receptor

Apoptosis involves all but which of the following?

• activation of cellular enzymes to destroy organelles

• fragmentation of the DNA

• cell-signaling pathways

• replication of the cell

Binding of a signaling molecule to which type of receptor leads directly to a change in the distribution of ions on opposite sides of the membrane?

• phosphorylated tyrosine kinase dimer
• ligand-gated ion channel
• receptor tyrosine kinase
• G protein-coupled receptor

Of the following, a receptor protein in a membrane that recognizes a chemical signal or ligand is most similar to

• a metabolic pathway operating within a specific organelle.
• an enzyme having an optimum pH and temperature for activity.
• tRNA specifying which amino acids are in a polypeptide.
• the active site of an enzyme that binds to a specific substrate.

If a pharmaceutical company wished to design a drug to maintain low blood sugar levels, one approach might be to design a compound

• that increases cAMP production in kidney cells.
• that increases phosphorylation of ADP activity.
• that activates epinephrine receptors for a flight-or-fight response.
• to block G protein activity to slow the production of glucose from glycogen in liver cells.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ETS1-3

A receptor protein on a membrane is thought to be a crucial part of a signaling system in normal cells.  A disease is thought to be caused by a problem in this receptor.  The researchers examine the genes in patients who have the disease but there are no differences in the protein.  Which of the following is a valid hypothesis?

• Lysosomes digested the protein after it was made
• Smooth ER enzymes aren't working properly and the receptor protein isn't made properly
• The receptor is made by ribosomes but isn't transported to the membrane
• There are no working ribosomes in the cell

A protein that forms an ion channel through a membrane is most likely 

• a peripheral membrane protein
• a phospholipid
• an enzyme.
• a transmembrane protein

Which of the following functions as a recognition site for interactions between cells?

• Phospholipids
• Cholesterol 
• Fatty acids
• Glycolipids

Which of the numbers above represent the signal reception?

• 1

• 2

• 3

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3