Civics EOC Review

Ben was prosecuted and convicted in state court for speaking out publicly against the governor. During his trial, he was denied the counsel of a lawyer. Two years later, the U.S. Supreme Court overturned his conviction, explaining that the state had not guaranteed Ben’s constitutional rights. Which amendments apply to this case?

• Amendment I (free speech) and Amendment VI (due process)

• Amendment I (free press) and Amendment IV (search and seizure)

• Amendment IX (unenumerated rights) and Amendment VI (due process)

• Amendment IX(unenumerated rights) and Amendment IV (search and seizure)

Anne Tracy works as a journalist for The Daily Mouth. She wrote a story about how Senator Jones cheated on a law school exam. She interviewed witnesses who saw the senator cheating. The story ran on the front page. Senator Jones denied the charges. Then he resigned from office. He plans to sue The Daily Mouth for damages. Under what circumstances could he sue the paper and win his lawsuit?

• He could sue the paper for libel and could win the case if he proved that Tracy had a grudge against him.

• He could sue the paper for slander and could win the case if he proved that Tracy had a grudge against him.

• He could sue the paper for libel and could win the case if he proved that the accusations were untrue and his reputation was hurt.

• He could sue the paper for slander and could win the case if he proved that the accusations were untrue and his reputation was hurt.

The table attached shows lobbying methods and their associated costs and time required.

Lela wants to show her district’s representative in Congress that there is a lot of popular support of an upcoming bill. She has drawn up a chart of lobbying methods. She wants to lobby indirectly, but she does not have much money, and her deadline is a month from now. Which are her best options?

• An online petition and letters to citizens

• Calling citizens by phone and letters to citizens

• Emailing the representative and an online petition

• Group rally event and emailing the representative

James Madison wrote that “liberty is to faction what air is to fire.” After reading this, Jack points out that the Founders would have wanted more restrictions on lobbyists, special-interest groups, and media influencing the government. What would be a good counterargument?

• Elected officials are better able to measure public opinion if there are no interfering factions

• Lobbyists will balance one another in government influence if they are subject to fewer laws.

• Political ads, despite their biases, are best able to inform citizens when there are no regulations

• The media, despite its biases, are best able to monitor the government when they are free

In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court rule that the Florida Supreme Court's plan for recounting ballots violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment?

• Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988)

• Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)

• U.S. v. Nixon (1974)

• Bush v. Gore (2000)

Which was an outcome of the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954)?

• Administrators may limit the content of students publications.

• Public school districts that segregate deny equal protection.

• Students have a reduced expectation of privacy in school.

• Criminal defendants have the right to an attorney.

What lessons did future U.S. leaders learn from the 1974 U.S. Supreme Court case United States v. Nixon?

• The president is accountable for obeying the law.

• The president is responsible for enforcing the law.

• The president is not allowed to hold secret talks with foreign governments.

• The president is not allowed to have private meetings with Cabinet members.

Judgement by a court is

• judicial opinion

• civil rights

• symbolic speech

• executive privilege

The belief that conversations between the president and his aides are confidential is

• civil rights

• executive privilege

• segregation

• symbolic speech

U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld a student's First Amendment right to engage in symbolic speech in school was

• Miranda vs. Arizona

• Tinker vs. Des Moines

• Plessy vs. Ferguson

• Gideon vs. Wainwright