Darwin and Evolution

A(n) ____ characteristic that helps an organism to survive and reproduce more.

• Adaptation

• Vital force

• Fitness

• Variation

This occurs when humans breed plants/animals so the most useful traits appear in offspring:

• Coevolution

• Adaptive radiation

• Convergent evolution

• Artificial selection

Which of the following is an example of a species?

• A donkey and a horse produce a sterile mule

• Frog 1 mates in April and frog 2 mates in June

• A coyote and wolf mate when they are housed together at the zoo

• Two birds mate to produce fertile offspring

Structures with similar functions; they evolved to do the same job, but the organisms did not evolve from a common ancestor:

• Homologous structures

• Analogous structures

• Vestigial structures

Structures reduced in size because they are non-functional and no longer used:

• Homologous structures

• Analogous structures

• Vestigial structures

Structures that are similar in related organism because they were inherited from a common ancestor:

• Homologous structures

• Analogous structures

• Vestigial structures

Human tailbone and wisdom teeth, mole rat eyes and the pelvic bones of whales:

• Homologous structure

  
  

• Vestigial structure

• Analogous structure

• Sequential structure

According to natural selection:

• Individuals are modified by environmental conditions

• The environment affects all organisms in a population in the same way

• Populations of organisms continuously increase

• Organisms that have more favorable traits have more offspring

Which of the following organisms are good examples of artificial selection?

• Bacteria and viruses

• Pigeons, cows and dogs

• Elephants and blue whales

• Whooping cranes and sand cranes

The preserved remains of organisms:

• Fossils

• Comparative biochemistry

• Comparative anatomy

• Comparative embryology

• Biogeography