genetics review 1

 The instructions for the genetic traits of an organism are directly determined by the

•  numbers of A, T, C, and G units in a sugar molecule
•  sequence of bases in DNA molecules
•  length of a DNA molecule
•  way the bases are paired in the two strands of a DNA molecule

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Female hammerhead sharks sometimes produce offspring by a type of asexual reproduction. These offspring

•  are a result of the uniting of a male and a female gamete
• have cells that contain DNA found only in the female shark
•  are considered to be a different species from the male parent
•  have cells that contain genetic information from both parents

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NGSS.MS-LS3-2

 A tomato gene, known as the SIKLUH gene, has recently been discovered. The gene leads to the production of larger tomatoes. The gene affects fruit size by increasing cell layers and promoting extra cell divisions. In order to produce large fruit in other commercial plant species, scientists might

•  clone the genes of other types of plants until they develop larger fruits
•  breed the tomatoes with other fruits such as apples
• ) insert the gene into other types of plants
• stimulate the process of meiosis in the other plants

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which activity enables humans to produce new genetic combinations in other organisms?

• selecting and breeding the organisms for specific traits
• increasing the number of enzymes available to the organisms
•  growing organisms that reproduce asexually
•  decreasing the amount of DNA in the diet of the organisms

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which molecules are needed to cut and copy segments of DNA?

• reproductive hormones
• carbohydrates
• antibodies
• biological catalysts

A woman changes her hair color to red; however, her children will not inherit this red hair color because the woman does not have

• genes for red hair in her skin
•  genes for red hair in her sex cells
• proteins for red hair in the placenta
•  proteins for red hair in her egg cells

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

 Farmers may someday clone their best milkproducing cow into a whole herd. What potential disadvantage might be important to consider in having such a large group of clones on one farm?

• It may be difficult to tell the animals apart.
•  Lack of variation may limit survival in the herd
• The cows could be fertilized by only one type of bull.
•  The cows could be mated only with each other.

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NGSS.MS-LS3-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

DNA replication occurs in preparation for

• mitosis, only
•  meiosis, only
•  both mitosis and meiosis
•  neither mitosis nor meiosis

A mutation occurring in a human can be passed from parent to offspring when it occurs in a

• lung cell, due to exposure to a toxic gas
•  gamete formed in the ovary
•  body cell undergoing mitosis
•  heart cell with chromosome damage

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

The technique used to separate the DNA for analysis is 

• genetic engineering
• chromatography
• electrophoresis
• protein synthesis