Unit 10 Review #1

The transfer of genes from parents to their offspring is known as

• Differentiation

• Heredity

• Immuntiy

• Evolution

Most of the hereditary information that determines the traits of an organism is located in

• Only those cells of an individual produced by meiosis

• The nuclei of body cells of an individual

• Certain genes in the vacuoles of body cells

• The numerous ribosomes in certain cells

Although identical twins inherit exact copies of the same genes, the twins may look and act differently from each other because

• a mutation took place in the gametes that produced the twins

• the expression of genes may be modified by environmental factors

• the expression of genes may be different in males and females

• a mutation took place in the zygote that produced the twins

Many years ago, a scientist grew pea plants that produced wrinkled peas. The peas from these plants produced new plants that also produced wrinkled peas. The scientist concluded that something in the parent plants was being transmitted to the next generation. This discovery is now known as

• genetic engineering

• biological evolution

• heredity

• natural selection

Hereditary information is found in a cell’s

• Chloroplasts

• Chromosomes

• Cytoplasm

• membranes

The data table shows the results of an experiment in which seeds from the same plant were grown under different conditions of temperature and relative humidity. Select the best conclusion based on the information in the data table.

• Color in this species is determined by genes, only.

• Many characteristics are not inherited.

• Mutations occur only when plants are grown at low temperatures.

• The environment may affect heredity.

The photograph below shows two color variations of Himalayan rabbits. In the winter, the rabbits resemble the one on the left. In the summer, the rabbits resemble the one on the right. The changes in fur color are most likely due to

• a virus that affected genes in specific areas of the body

• the sorting and recombination of genes

• gene expression due to the differences in abiotic conditions

• the molecular arrangement of sugars

In the summer, the arctic fox appears brown because its cells produce a dark pigment. However, in the winter, the arctic fox appears white because the dark pigment is not produced. The color change is most likely due to the effect of

• different genes produced in the different seasons

• increased pollution on genetic mutations

• environmental conditions on gene expression

• poor nutrition on cell growth and development

Even though identical twins have the same genetic material, they may develop slightly different characteristics because

• each twin receives different chromosomes from the egg

• one twin may only have genes from the father

• gene expression may be influenced by factors that switch genes on and off

• a gene mutation may have occurred before the zygote divided

Base your answer on the chart and your knowledge of life science. This experiment shows that

• the environment affects gene expression of an inherited trait

• water and fertilizer are important for seed germination

• heat and carbon dioxide should have been provided for proper growth

• the principles of genetics apply only to animals and not to plants