Debate

The topic or claim being debated.

• Resolution

• Refutation

• Rebuttal Speeches

• Reasoning

The process of attacking an opponent's arguments. A organized attack on opponents' arguments.

• Resolution

• Refutation

• Rebuttal Speeches

• Reasoning

Speeches in debate that challenge and defend arguments introduced in constructive speeches.

• Resolution

• Refutation

• Rebuttal Speeches

• Reasoning

Using analysis to connect the evidence to the claim.

• Reasoning

• Rebuttal Speeches

• Refutation

• Resolution

Argues against the resolution and the affirmative team's arguments. States the claims that support their position, provides evidence and reasoning, and refutes the affirmatives' arguments.

• Negative Team

• Judges

• Flowing

• Fallacy

Individuals who listen to debate, decide the winner, rank debate competitors, and ensure that the experience is educational for all participants in a debate competition.

• Negative Team

• Judges

• Fallacy

• Flowing

Taking notes during a debate in order to keep a record of what's been said and prepare for refutations and cross examinations.

• Flowing

• Fallacy

• Judging

• Mental Notes

Bad or erroneous reasoning that results in an unsound argument.

• Fallacy

• Flowing

• Judges

• Negative Team

Evidence from an expert or other external source not including the debater, such as author, researcher, witness, etc.

• Testimonial Evidence

• Statistics

• Personal or Anecdotal Evidence

Measurements, numbers and percentages

• Testimonial Evidence

• Statistics

• Personal or Anecdotal Evidence